---
title: The downward spiral of the economy has been attributed mainly to mis… — Zimbabwe · tree and pragmatics
description: The downward spiral of the economy has been attributed mainly to mismanagement and corruption by the government and the eviction of more than 4,000 white farmers in the controversial land confiscations of 2000. Who acts: government. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Zimbabwe» with its dependency tree and p
---

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# Zimbabwe, sentence 327

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From Wikipedia, [«Zimbabwe»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The downward spiral of the economy has been attributed mainly to mismanagement and corruption by the government and the eviction of more than 4,000 white farmers in the controversial land confiscations of 2000.

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**Who acts:** government · **What happens:** attribute, mismanage, evict · **To what, where:** downward spiral, 4,000 white farmers

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Zimbabwe». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (government), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Zimbabwe:327
# text = The downward spiral of the economy has been attributed mainly to mismanagement and corruption by the government and the eviction of more than 4,000 white farmers in the controversial land confiscations of 2000.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	downward	downward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	spiral	spiral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	mainly	mainly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	mismanagement	mismanagement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	corruption	corruption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	eviction	eviction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
22	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	24	advmod	_	_
23	than	than	ADP	IN	_	22	fixed	_	_
24	4,000	4,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
25	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
29	controversial	controversial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
30	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	confiscations	confiscation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	2000	2000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attribute** | present · perfect · passive |  | the downward spiral of the economy |  |  |  | to mismanagement by the government and corruption and the eviction of 4,000 white farmers in the controversial land confiscations of 2000; mainly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mismanage** |  | the government |  |  |  |  |  | nom mismanagement «act transitive»: by=agent |
| 3 | **evict** |  |  | 4,000 white farmers in the controversial land confiscations of 2000 |  |  |  |  | nom eviction «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Zimbabwe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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