---
title: The flame of independence is lit by the president after parades by t… — Zimbabwe · tree and pragmatics
description: The flame of independence is lit by the president after parades by the presidential family and members of the armed forces of Zimbabwe. Who acts: president, independence. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Zimbabwe» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Zimbabwe, sentence 515

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From Wikipedia, [«Zimbabwe»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The flame of independence is lit by the president after parades by the presidential family and members of the armed forces of Zimbabwe.

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**Who acts:** president, independence · **What happens:** lit, flame · **To what, where:** flame

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Zimbabwe». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (president, independence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Zimbabwe:515
# text = The flame of independence is lit by the president after parades by the presidential family and members of the armed forces of Zimbabwe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	parades	parade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	presidential	presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	armed	armed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Zimbabwe	Zimbabwe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lit** | present · passive | the president | the flame of independence |  |  | after parades | by the presidential family and members of the armed forces of Zimbabwe | tree rules |
| 2 | **flame** |  | independence |  |  |  |  |  | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Zimbabwe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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