---
title: נְהַר — river · The Biblical Aramaic dictionary
description: נְהַר (lemma:נְהַר), a word of Biblical Aramaic, used 15 times: river. BDB 1906: n.m. river. With 2 verses in Aramaic, word for word and JPS 1917.
---

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# נְהַר

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«נְהַר» in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary: **river** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers.

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**Used:** 15 times · **Key:** lemma:נְהַר · **BDB:** נְהַר

### Glosses

the (14); a.river (1)

### Meaning (OSHB)

river [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b0_5d4_5b7_5e8/#m1)

### Meaning (BDB 1906)

n.m. river [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b0_5d4_5b7_5e8/#m2)

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**The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Dn 7:10 river (v. BH I. נהר);—abs. נ׳ Dn 7:10; emph. נַהֲרָה Ezr 4:10 +, א—ָ 4:16;—river, usually of Euphr., in phr. עֲבַר נ׳ Ezr 4:10, 11, 16 + 10 times Ezr; נ׳ דִּי־נוּר Dn 7:10 a river of fire, in vision.

### Jastrow 1903

נְהַר II: N’har Abba [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b0_5d4_5b7_5e8/#m3)

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**The whole Jastrow entry:** Targ. Jon. II, 4. Targ. Gen. II, 10; a. fr.—Gen. R. s. 16 אעברת נ׳ בְּנֵה build (me a house) on the (western) banks of the river. Gitt. 60ᵇ קא מתקיל לנַהֲרִין he spoils our portion of the canal. Ib. נ׳ כפשטיה ליזיל let the canal run its natural course (and those above have no right to dam it before those below have used it for irrigation). Ḥull. 18ᵇ (prov.) נ׳ נ׳ ופשטיה every river has its own course, i.e. each place has its own usages; ib. 57ᵃ; a. fr.—Pl. נַהֲרִין, נַהֲרַיָּא. Targ. Gen. l. c. Targ. Ex. VIII, 1.—Y. Sabb. VII, 9ᵃ top, a. e., v. בְּדִי I; a. fr.—Fem. forms: נַהַרְוָן, נַהַרְוָתָא, נַהַרְוָו׳. Targ. Is. XLIII, 19. Targ. Ps. XXIV, 2; a. e.—Taan. 25ᵃ תליסרי נ׳ וכ׳ thirteen rivers of balsam oil; a. e.—נְהַר in pr. n. of canals or places, e. g. נ׳ אבא N’har Abba, Sabb. 140ᵇ; v. respective determinants (v. Berl. Beitr. Geogr. p. 47).

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Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech differs, 4 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (3 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech differs, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (3 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech not compared, 0 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (7 candidates)

### Trees and pragmatics

[Every English meaning of «נְהַר» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1504/lemma_3a_5e0_5b0_5d4_5b7_5e8/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.

### In the verses

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[Ezra 4:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.11/)

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דְּנָה֙ פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן אִגַּרְתָּ֔א דִּ֚י שְׁלַ֣חוּ עֲל֔וֹהִי עַל־אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא מַלְכָּ֑א עַבְדָ֛יךְאֱנָ֥שׁ עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֖ה וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃פ

*Word for word:* this \[is\].(the).copy of the.letter which they.sent to him to Artaxerxes the king servants your the.man of.the.region.beyond the river and now

*JPS 1917:* this is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king — thy servants the men beyond the River — and now

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[Ezra 4:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.20/)

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וּמַלְכִ֣ין תַּקִּיפִ֗ין הֲווֹ֙ עַל־יְר֣וּשְׁלֶ֔ם וְשַׁ֨לִּיטִ֔ין בְּכֹ֖ל עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑ה וּמִדָּ֥ה בְל֛וֹ וַהֲלָ֖ךְ מִתְיְהֵ֥ב לְהֽוֹן׃

*Word for word:* and kings strong they.were over Jerusalem and having.mastery over all the.region.beyond the river and tribute tax and toll \[was\].being.paid to them

*JPS 1917:* There have been mighty kings also over Jerusalem, who have ruled over all the country beyond the River; and tribute, impost, and toll, was paid unto them.

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