---
title: שְׁמַם — be appalled · The Biblical Aramaic dictionary
description: שְׁמַם (lemma:שְׁמַם), a word of Biblical Aramaic, used 1 times: be appalled. BDB 1906: vb. Ethpôʿal be appalled. With 1 verse in Aramaic, word for word and JPS 1917.
---

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# שְׁמַם

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«שְׁמַם» in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary: **be appalled** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 1 verse in layers.

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**Used:** 1 times · **Key:** lemma:שְׁמַם · **BDB:** שְׁמַם

### Glosses

he.was.appalled (1)

### Meaning (OSHB)

be appalled [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5dd/#m1)

### Meaning (BDB 1906)

vb. Ethpôʿal be appalled [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5dd/#m2)

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**The whole BDB entry:** vb. Ethpôʿal be appalled (𝔗 (rare); v. BH Chr-Pal. ܫܡ, Schulth209);—Pf. 3 ms. אֶשְׁתּוֹמַם (K§ 36) Dn 4:16.

### Jastrow 1903

שְׁמַם: to be desolate to be confounded, mad to be perplexed [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5dd/#m3)

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**The whole Jastrow entry:** to be desolate. Targ. Lam. IV, 5. to be confounded, mad. Targ. I Sam. XXI, 14 (h. text ויתהלל). to be perplexed. Ḥull. 21ᵃ א׳ כשעה חדא (fr. Dan. IV, 16) he was perplexed for a moment (knew not what to answer).

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Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (4 candidates)

### Trees and pragmatics

[Every English meaning of «שְׁמַם» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/aramaic/1513/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5dd/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.

### In the verses

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[Daniel 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.16/)

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אֱדַ֨יִן דָּֽנִיֵּ֜אל דִּֽי־שְׁמֵ֣הּ בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֗ר אֶשְׁתּוֹמַם֙ כְּשָׁעָ֣ה חֲדָ֔ה וְרַעְיֹנֹ֖הִי יְבַהֲלֻנֵּ֑הּ עָנֵ֨ה מַלְכָּ֜א וְאָמַ֗ר בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙ חֶלְמָ֤א וּפִשְׁרֵא֙ אַֽל־יְבַהֲלָ֔ךְ עָנֵ֤ה בֵלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙ וְאָמַ֔ר מָרִ֕י חֶלְמָ֥א לְשָֽׂנְאָ֖ךְ וּפִשְׁרֵ֥הּ לְעָרָֽךְ׃

*Word for word:* then Daniel who name his \[was\].Belteshazzar he.was.appalled about a.moment one and thoughts his they alarmed.him \[was\].replying the king and.\[was\] saying O.Belteshazzar the dream and its interpretation not let it.alarm.you \[was\].replying Belteshazzar and.\[was\] saying O my.lord the dream \[be\].for enemy your and interpretation its \[be\].for adversaries your

*JPS 1917:* Then Daniel, whose name was Belteshazzar, was appalled for a while, and his thoughts affrighted him. The king spoke and said: 'Belteshazzar, let not the dream, or the interpretation, affright thee.' Belteshazzar answered and said: 'My lord, the dream be to them that hate thee, and the interpretation thereof to thine adversaries.

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- ← previous: [שָׁמַיִן](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e9_5b8_5c1_5de_5b7_5d9_5b4_5df.md)
- next →: [שְׁמַע](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/w/lemma_3a_5e9_5b0_5c1_5de_5b7_5e2.md)
- ↑ back to [ש](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/aramaic/1513.md)