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# gall

«gall» in Mova's judaism dictionary: **rude, bold cheek: «He had the gall to ask for more after…** — its meaning for a pupil, its sense in the lessons and examples, with 4 sentences of Mova's corpora that use it.

### part of speech

noun (gall — uncountable; a gall, galls); verb (gall, galls, galled, galling)

### meaning for a pupil

1) Gall is rude, bold cheek: «He had the gall to ask for more after eating mine!» [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#m1)

2) A gall is a lump on a plant, such as an oak apple, made when an insect lays eggs in it. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#m2)

3) (old) Gall is bile, a bitter liquid from the liver; the gall bladder stores it. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#m3)

4) To gall someone is to annoy them a lot because it feels unfair. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#m4)

### sense in the lessons

In the Tanakh and Jewish tradition: In the Torah "gall" means a bitter plant or poison, used as a picture of bitterness and wickedness. Interpretation: In Sefer Yetzirah the gall is one of the body's organs, linked with anger and the "three foes" of liver, gall and tongue. In the primary lessons: In everyday talk, «the gall of it!» shows outrage at rudeness. In science and nature lessons, oak galls are made by tiny wasps; long ago, oak galls were used to make ink. In body science, the gall bladder sits under the liver. In the Bible, «gall» means something very bitter.

### examples

- For their vine is of the vine of Sodom, and of the fields of Gomorrah; their grapes are grapes of gall, their clusters are bitter; (Torah DEU.32.32, JPS 1917) [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x1)
- Three foes: the liver and the gall and the tongue. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation) [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x2)
- The only of the latter four terms found in humans is מָרָה marah ‘gall(bladder), bile’. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation) [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x3)
- Remember mine affliction and mine anguish, the wormwood and the gall. (Writings LAM.3.19, JPS 1917) [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x4)
- He hath builded against me, and compassed me with gall and travail. (Writings LAM.3.5, JPS 1917) [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x5)
- Yet his food in his bowels is turned, it is the gall of asps within him. (Writings JOB.20.14, JPS 1917) [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x6)
- She had the gall to push in front of me. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x7)
- What gall! He took my seat and asked for my pencil. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x8)
- We found round galls on the oak leaves. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x9)
- Old ink was made from oak galls. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x10)
- The gall bladder is near the liver. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x11)
- It galls me that he got the prize for my idea. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x12)
- Wasps cause galls to grow on plants. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/#x13)

### note

Uncountable in the «cheek» sense: «have the gall to do something». Adjective «galling» = annoying. Pronounced «gawl». Not to be confused with «Gaul» (old name for France) or «gal» (informal for girl).

### In the corpora

- [Doth one plow there with oxen? that ye have turned justice into gall, and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.107/)
- [Yet his food in his bowels is turned, it is the gall of asps within him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.511/)
- [He hath builded against me, and compassed me with gall and travail.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.58/)
- [Remember mine affliction and mine anguish, the wormwood and the gall.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.72/)

### Trees and pragmatics

[Every meaning and example of «gall» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/G/gall/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.