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# harden

«harden» in Mova's school dictionary: **To become hard or firm, or to make something hard** — its meaning for a pupil, its sense in the lessons and examples, with 5 sentences of Mova's corpora that use it.

### part of speech

verb (harden, hardens, hardened, hardening)

### meaning for a pupil

1) To become hard or firm, or to make something hard. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#m1)

2) Of a person or feelings: to become less kind or less soft, or more determined. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#m2)

### sense in the lessons

In science it describes changes of state and materials: chocolate, wax, clay, concrete or glue harden as they cool or dry. In stories a face or voice «hardens» when someone becomes stern or angry. Phrase: «harden your heart».

### examples

- The melted chocolate will harden in the fridge. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x1)
- Leave the clay to harden overnight. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x2)
- Concrete takes days to harden fully. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x3)
- Wax hardens as it cools. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x4)
- His face hardened when he heard the bad news. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x5)
- The glue hardened and stuck the pieces together. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x6)
- Bread hardens if you leave it out. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x7)
- Inge heard all this, and her heart became hardened and full of bitterness. [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/#x8)

### note

Regular verb: hardened. The «-en» ending means «to make or become»: hard → harden, soft → soften, dark → darken. Hardening when cooling is a reversible change for chocolate and wax, but not for concrete or baked clay.

### In the corpora

- [When you cut yourself, platelets and stringy fibres make a net that plugs the cut and hardens into a scab.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/261-human-body-deeper-heart-and-blood/11/)
- [Igneous rocks form when molten rock cools and hardens.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/48-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle/5/)
- [And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.180/)
- [And Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.190/)
- [(8-28) And Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also, and he did not let the people go.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.234/)

### Trees and pragmatics

[Every meaning and example of «harden» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/harden/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.