--- title: גֵּר — sojourner · The Tanakh dictionary description: גֵּר (1616), a word of Biblical Hebrew, used 92 times: sojourner. BDB 1906: n.m. sojourner. With 2 verses in Hebrew, word for word and JPS 1917. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/1616.html) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/) / [ג](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1490-3.md)‎ / גֵּר‎ # גֵּר «גֵּר» in the Tanakh dictionary: **sojourner** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers. **Used:** 92 times · **Key:** 1616 · **BDB:** גֵּר ### Glosses sojourner (46); a.sojourner (16); sojourners (9) ### Meaning (OSHB) sojourner [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1490/1616/#m1) ### Meaning (BDB 1906) n.m. sojourner [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1490/1616/#m2) **The whole BDB entry:** n.m. Ex 12:48 sojourner (Arabic جَارٌ, Ethiopic ግዩር, ጎር Aramaic ܓܝܻܘܽܪ, גִּיּוֹר, proselyte, גַּיֵּר proselytize, Ph. גר in n.pr., \& pl. גרם)—גֵּר Gn 15:13 + 74 times; sf. גֵּרְךָ Ex 20:10 + 4 times, גֵּרוֹ Dt 1:16; pl. גֵּרִים Ex 22:20 + 9 times, גֵּירִים 2 Ch 2:16;— sojourner, temporary dweller, new-comer (no inherited rights), cf. Ex 12:19 Lv 24:16 Nu 15:30 Jos 8:33 (opp. homeborn); of Abraham at Hebron Gn 23:4 (P; ‖ תּוֹשָׁב); Moses in desert Ex 2:22 (J) 18:3 (E; here explan. of name Gershom, Moses’ son); as claiming hospitality Jb 31:32; perhaps in above cases, and certainly in general, with technical sense; fig. of Yahweh Je 14:8; of Israel in Egypt Gn 15:13 Ex 22:20; 23:9 (all JE) Lv 19:34 (H) Dt 10:19; 23:8; גֵּרִים with Yahweh Lv 25:23 (H) 1 Ch 29:15 ψ 39:13 (in all ‖ תּוֹשָׁב) cf. 119:19. usually of גֵּרִים in Israel 2 S 1:13 (Amalekite) cf. Jos 8:33, 35 (E) 20:9 (P) Is 14:1; dwellers in Israel with certain conceded, not inherited rights (cf. RSOTJC 434; 2nd ed. 342. n.; K 42; Sem 75 f. StaGesch. i. 400). The גֵּר is to share in Sabbath rest Ex 20:10; 23:12 (both JE) Dt 5:14; otherwise he is to have like obligations with Israel Ex 12:19, 48, 49 Lv 16:29 (all P) Lv 17:8, 10, 12, 13, 15; 18:26; 20:2; 22:18; 24:16, 22 (all H) Nu 9:14(×2); 15:14, 15(×2), 16, 26, 29, 30; 19:10; 35:15 (all P) Ez 14:7; similar rights Dt 1:16 Ez 14:22, 23; and like privileges Dt 16:11, 14; 26:11; 29:10; 31:12 cf. 2 Ch 30:25; very rarely any distinction made, in obligation Lv 25:47(×3) (H), in permissible food Dt 14:21; in future success Dt 28:43; kindness to גֵּר frequently enjoined: Lv 19:10 (‖ עָנִי), 23:22 (‖ id.) 19:34 (all H); Dt 10:18, 19; 14:29; 24:19, 20, 21; 26:12, 13 (all ‖ יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה); oppression prohibited Lv 19:33 (H) Dt 24:14; Ex 22:20; 23:9(×2) (JE) Dt 24:17; 27:19 Je 7:6; 22:3 Zc 7:10 (these eight ‖ יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה); obj. of care to י׳ ψ 146:9 (‖ id.); charge that גֵּר has been oppressed Ez 22:7 Mal 3:5 (both ‖ id.); also Ez 22:29 (‖ עָנִי וְאֶבְיוֹן), ψ 94:6; cf. also command that a poor brother be treated like גֵּר, i.e. kindly, Lv 25:35 (H). Latest conception somewhat different: גֵּר 1 Ch 22:2 2 Ch 2:16 (הַגֵּירִים) gathered for hard service; yet cf. 2 Ch 30:25. (Often c. verb. cogn. Ex 12:48, 49 Lv 16:29; 17:8, 10, 12, 13; 18:26; 19:33; 20:2 Nu 9:14; 15:14, 15, 16, 26, 29; 19:10 Jos 20:9 Ez 14:22, 23; often ‖ תּוֹשָׁב Gn 23:4 Lv 25:23, 35, 47 1 Ch 29:15 ψ 39:13). Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 81 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (16 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (11 candidates) ### Trees and pragmatics [Every English meaning of «גֵּר» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1490/1616/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames. ### In the verses [Psalms 94:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.94.6/) אַ֭לְמָנָה וְגֵ֣ר יַהֲרֹ֑גוּ וִֽיתוֹמִ֣ים יְרַצֵּֽחוּ׃ *Word for word:* \[the\].widow and.\[the\] sojourner they.kill and fatherless.ones they.murder *JPS 1917:* They slay the widow and the stranger, and murder the fatherless. [Deuteronomy 24:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.24.17/) לֹ֣א תַטֶּ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט גֵּ֣ר יָת֑וֹם וְלֹ֣א תַחֲבֹ֔ל בֶּ֖גֶד אַלְמָנָֽה׃ *Word for word:* not you.will.turn.aside \[the\].justice of.a.sojourner a.fatherless.one and not you.will.take.as.pledge \[the\].garment of.a.widow *JPS 1917:* Thou shalt not pervert the justice due to the stranger, or to the fatherless; nor take the widow's raiment to pledge. - ← previous: [גִּר](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/1615.md) - next →: [גֵּרָא](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/1617.md) - ↑ back to [ג](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1490-3.md)