--- title: חָשַׂךְ — withhold · The Tanakh dictionary description: חָשַׂךְ (2820), a word of Biblical Hebrew, used 27 times: withhold. BDB 1906: vb. Qal Qal. With 2 verses in Hebrew, word for word and JPS 1917. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2820.html) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/) / [ח](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1495-6.md)‎ / חָשַׂךְ‎ # חָשַׂךְ «חָשַׂךְ» in the Tanakh dictionary: **withhold** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers. **Used:** 27 times · **Key:** 2820 · **BDB:** חָשַׂךְ ### Glosses \[one.who\].restrains (3); you.have.withheld (3); he.has.restrained (2) ### Meaning (OSHB) withhold [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2820/#m1) ### Meaning (BDB 1906) vb. Qal Qal [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2820/#m2) **The whole BDB entry:** vb. withhold, refrain (NH חָסַךְ, Aramaic חֲסַךְ, ܚܣܰܟ Palm. חסך remit, spare, VogNos. 6, 15; Sab. משחכן weaned (child) DHMZMG 1875, 608)— Pf. חָשַׂךְ Gn 39:9 + 4 times (+ Ez 30:18 Ba; v. חשׁך; Is 38:17 v. infr.), חָשָׂ֑ךְ Is 14:6, חָֽשְׂכוּ Jb 30:10, חָשָׂ֑כוּ Je 14:10, etc.; Impf. יַחְשׂךְ Jb 16:5 + 2 times; 2 ms. תַּחְשׂךְ Is 58:1, תַּחְשׂוֹךְ Pr 24:11; 2 fs. תַּחְשׂ֑כִי Is 54:2, etc.; Imv. חֲשׂךְ ψ 19:14; Pt. חֹשֵׂךְ Pr 10:19; 11:24; חוֹשֵׂךְ Pr 13:24; 17:27; sq.— withhold, keep back, keep for oneself, acc., Gn 22:12 (E), v 16; 39:9 (sq. מִמֶּנִּי; both J); abs. Pr 21:26 (opp. נָתַן); withhold the rod (שׁבט) in discipline, Pr 13:24; no obj. expr. 11:24; 24:11. keep one from evil, calamity, Sheʾôl etc., c. acc. and מִן Gn 20:6 (E), 1 S 25:39 ψ 19:14; ח׳ מִמָּוֶת נַפְשָׁם ψ 78:50 cf. Jb 33:18 Is 38:7 (read חָשַׂכְתָּ or חֲשׂךְ for MT חָשַׁקְתָּ, v. חשׁק); abs. hinder (i.e. calamities from coming) Is 14:6; ח׳ לְמַטָּה מֵעֲוֹנֵנוּ Ezr 9:13 thou hast kept back, downward (= and kept down), part of our iniquity, i.e. hast not punished us according to our full desert. hold in check c. acc. 2 S 18:16 (or spare v. infr.); obj. רַגְלֵיהֶם Je 14:10; especially of keeping silence, obj. פִּי Jb 7:11 restrain my mouth, שׂפתים Pr 10:19, אמרים 17:27; מִפָּנַי לֹא ח׳ רֹק Jb 30:10 from my face they have not withheld spittle (= they have spit in my face). refrain (from doing what is mentioned in the context), abs. Is 54:2; 58:1. spare, c. acc. pers. 2 K 5:20 he hath spared Naaman מִקַּחַת so as not to take (= and hath not taken anything) out of his hand; perhaps also 2 S 18:16 Joab spared the people (v supr.). reserve for, c. acc. + לְ Jb 38:23. (abs.) restrain, check (pain) i. e. assuage, so appar. MT Jb 16:5 (v. Di Kau; I would not restrain condolence of my lips, 𝔊 𝔖 Me, reading לא אחשׂך for יחשׂך).—Ez 30:18 v. חשׁך. Impf. לְיוֹם אֵיד יֵחָשֶׂךְ־רָע Jb 21:30 at the day of calamity the wicked is spared (pass. of Qal 1 e); יֵחָשֵׂךְ Jb 16:6 be assuaged, of pain (pass. of Qal 2). Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 27 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (4 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (4 candidates) ### Trees and pragmatics [Every English meaning of «חָשַׂךְ» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1495/2820/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames. ### In the verses [Proverbs 17:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.17.27/) חוֹשֵׂ֣ךְ אֲ֭מָרָיו יוֹדֵ֣עַ דָּ֑עַת יְקַר־ר֝֗וּחַ אִ֣ישׁ תְּבוּנָֽה׃ *Word for word:* \[one.who\].restrains words his \[is\].knowing knowledge \[a.person\].noble of.spirit \[is\].a.person of.understanding *JPS 1917:* He that spareth his words hath knowledge; and he that husbandeth his spirit is a man of discernment. [Job 16:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.16.5/) אֲאַמִּצְכֶ֥ם בְּמוֹ־פִ֑י וְנִ֖יד שְׂפָתַ֣י יַחְשֹֽׂךְ׃ *Word for word:* I will.strengthen.you with mouth my and the.condolence my.lips my it.will.restrain *JPS 1917:* I would strengthen you with my mouth, and the moving of my lips would assuage your grief. - ← previous: [חָשׁוּק](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2838.md) - next →: [חָשַׁךְ](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/2821.md) - ↑ back to [ח](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1495-6.md)