---
title: יָתוֹם — orphan · The Tanakh dictionary
description: יָתוֹם (3490), a word of Biblical Hebrew, used 42 times: orphan. BDB 1906: orphan. With 2 verses in Hebrew, word for word and JPS 1917.
---

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# יָתוֹם

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«יָתוֹם» in the Tanakh dictionary: **orphan** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers.

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**Used:** 42 times · **Key:** 3490 · **BDB:** יָתוֹם

### Glosses

a.fatherless.one (8); one (8); \[the\].fatherless (7)

### Meaning (OSHB)

orphan [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1497/3490/#m1)

### Meaning (BDB 1906)

orphan [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1497/3490/#m2)

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**The whole BDB entry:** n.\[m.\] orphan (NH id.; Aramaic יַתְמָא, ܝܰܬܡܳܐ; Ph. יתם; Arabic يَتِيمٌ pupil, orphan)—יָתוֹם Ex 22:21 + 29 times; pl. יְתוֹמִים v 23 + 8 times; sf. יְתֹמֶיךָ Je 49:11; יְתֹמָיו Is 9:16; לִיתוֹמָיו ψ 109:12;—orphan, i.e. fatherless (‖ אַלְמָנָה) Ex 22:23 ψ 109:9 La 5:3 (‖ אֵין אָב); Jb 24:9 ψ 109:12; prob. also Ex 22:21 Dt 10:18; 14:29; 16:11, 14; 24:17, 19, 20, 21; 26:12, 13; 27:19 ψ 94:6; 146:9 Je 7:6; 22:3 Zc 7:10 Mal 3:5 (in all these, mentioned as helpless, exposed to injury, ‖ אַלְמָנָה and גֵּר); similarly, ‖ אַלְמָנָה Jb 22:9; 24:3; 29:12; 31:17 ψ 68:6 Is 1:17, 23; 9:16; 10:2 Je 49:11 Ez 22:7; without אלמנה Ho 14:4 Jb 6:27; 31:21 ψ 10:14, 18 Pr 23:10 Je 5:28 (in no case clear that both parents are dead).

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Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 41 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (6 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (4 candidates)

### Trees and pragmatics

[Every English meaning of «יָתוֹם» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1497/3490/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.

### In the verses

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[Job 24:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.3/)

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חֲמ֣וֹר יְתוֹמִ֣ים יִנְהָ֑גוּ יַ֝חְבְּל֗וּ שׁ֣וֹר אַלְמָנָֽה׃

*Word for word:* \[the\].donkey of.fatherless.ones they.drive.away they.take.as.pledge \[the\].ox of.a.widow

*JPS 1917:* They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge.

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[Exodus 22:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.21/)

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כָּל־אַלְמָנָ֥ה וְיָת֖וֹם לֹ֥א תְעַנּֽוּן׃

*Word for word:* any widow and a.fatherless.one not you must.afflict

*JPS 1917:* Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child.

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