--- title: נָקַם — avenge · The Tanakh dictionary description: נָקַם (5358), a word of Biblical Hebrew, used 35 times: avenge. BDB 1906: vb. avenge, take vengeance. With 2 verses in Hebrew, word for word and JPS 1917. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/5358.html) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/) / [נ](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1504-4.md)‎ / נָקַם‎ # נָקַם «נָקַם» in the Tanakh dictionary: **avenge** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers. **Used:** 35 times · **Key:** 5358 · **BDB:** נָקַם ### Glosses he.will.be.avenged (4); will.it.avenge.itself (3); I.will.avenge (2) ### Meaning (OSHB) avenge [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1504/5358/#m1) ### Meaning (BDB 1906) vb. avenge, take vengeance [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1504/5358/#m2) **The whole BDB entry:** vb. avenge, take vengeance (Ecclus 461 e להנקם נקמי אויב (Niph. + acc. cogn.); נקם n. also 12:6 (cf. Dt 32:41), 39:30; 48:7; NH נָקַם especially in deriv.; Aramaic נְקַם (rare), ܢܩܰܡ in der. species; Arabic نَقَمَ take vengeance (عَلَ upon), Lane3037; cf. Ethiopic ቂም Di458 vindictae studium, ultionis cupido; Assyrian iḳḳimu, vengeance, requital, is poss. from √ אקם JägerBAS ii. 279);— Pf. 3 ms. sf. נְקָמַ֫נִי 1 S 24:13; Impf. יִקּוֹם Dt 32:43; יִקֹּם Jos 10:13; 2 ms. תִּקֹּם Lv 19:18; Inf. abs. נָקֹם Ex 21:20; cstr. נְקֹם Ez 24:8; 25:12; Imv. נְקֹם Nu 31:2; Pt. נֹקֵם Na 1:2 + 3 times; f. נֹקֶ֫מֶת Lv 26:25;— avenge, take vengeance: God subj. דַּם עֲבָדָיו יִקּוֹם Dt 32:43 the blood of his servants he avengeth (against those who slew them) (+ 1 K 2:5 𝔊L Klo); נ׳ abs. Na 1:2(×2) c. לְ (agst. Nineveh) Na 1:2; נ׳ נָקָם (agst. Jerus.) Ez 24:8; עַל־עֲלִילוֹתָם on their doings (his people’s) ψ 99:8; נ׳ נְקַם בְּרִית Lv 26:25 (H) the vengeance of the covenant (against those who break it); נְקָמַנִי, 1 S 24:13, c. מִן of pers. from whom vengeance is taken (cp. Je 20:10). Israel and its leaders against their enemies, נ׳ נקמה c. מִן against whom Nu 31:2 (P); c. acc. יִקֹּם אֹיְבָיו Jos 10:13 (poem). Edom against Judah נ׳ נקם לְ Ez 25:12. in administration of justice agst. murder Ex 21:20 (E). entertain revengeful feelings (opp. אהב) against neighbour forbidden Lv 19:18 (H). Pf. 1 s. נִקַּ֫מְתִּי Ju 15:7; 1 S 14:24; 3 mpl. נִקְּמוּ Ez 25:12; Impf. יִנָּקֵם Ex 21:20; 1 s. אִנָּֽקְמָה Ju 16:28; Is 1:24; 3 mpl. יִנָּֽקְמוּ Ez 25:15; Inf. הִנָּקֵם Je 46:10 + 2 times; Imv. הִנָּ֫קֶם Je 15:15; pl. הִנָּֽקְמוּ Je 50:15:— avenge oneself, י׳ subj. c. מִן of adversary Is 1:24; Je 46:10; c. מִן advers., לְ for whom Je 15:15; c. בְּ adversary Je 50:15. of Israel and champions c. מִן Ju 16:28; 1 S 14:24; Est 8:13; c. בְּ Ju 15:7; 1 S 18:25. of enemies against Israel נ׳ נקם Ez 25:15; c. בְּ Ez 25:12. suffer vengeance (of law against murder) Ex 21:20 (E). Pf. 1 s. נִקַּ֫מְתִּי 2 K 9:7 Je 51:36;—avenge, י׳ subj. דָּמִים מיד 2 K 9:7 blood at hands of; נ׳ נִקְמָתֵךָ Je 51:36 take vengeance for thee. Impf. יֻקַּם Gn 4:24; Ex 21:21, יֻקָּ֑ם Gn 4:15 be avenged, vengeance be taken (for blood). Impf. תִּתְנַקֵּם Je 5:9, 29; 9:8; Pt. מִתְנַקֵּם ψ 8:3; 44:17; avenge oneself, י׳ subj. לֹא תִתְנַקֵּם נַפְשִׁי בְּ׳ Je 5:9, 29; 9:8; of Israel’s enemies אוֹיֵב וּמִתְנַקֵּם ψ 8:3; 44:17. Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 31 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (2 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (2 candidates) ### Trees and pragmatics [Every English meaning of «נָקַם» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1504/5358/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames. ### In the verses [Genesis 4:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.4.24/) כִּ֥י שִׁבְעָתַ֖יִם יֻקַּם־קָ֑יִן וְלֶ֖מֶךְ שִׁבְעִ֥ים וְשִׁבְעָֽה׃ *Word for word:* (dm) sevenfold he.will.be.avenged Cain and Lamech seventy and seven *JPS 1917:* If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold. [Psalms 44:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.44.17/) מִ֭קּוֹל מְחָרֵ֣ף וּמְגַדֵּ֑ף מִפְּנֵ֥י א֝וֹיֵ֗ב וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃ *Word for word:* from the.sound of.\[one.who\].taunts and \[one.who\].reviles because of an.enemy and an.avenger *JPS 1917:* For the voice of him that taunteth and blasphemeth; by reason of the enemy and the revengeful. - ← previous: [נָקִיק](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/5357.md) - next →: [נָקָם](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/5359.md) - ↑ back to [נ](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1504-4.md)