--- title: שֶׁמֶשׁ — sun · The Tanakh dictionary description: שֶׁמֶשׁ (8121), a word of Biblical Hebrew, used 135 times: sun. BDB 1906: n.f. et sun. With 2 verses in Hebrew, word for word and JPS 1917. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/8121.html) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/) / [ש](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1513-6.md)‎ / שֶׁמֶשׁ‎ # שֶׁמֶשׁ «שֶׁמֶשׁ» in the Tanakh dictionary: **sun** — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers. **Used:** 135 times · **Key:** 8121 · **BDB:** שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ ### Glosses sun (90); the.sun (18); of.\[the\].sun (12) ### Meaning (OSHB) sun [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/8121/#m1) ### Meaning (BDB 1906) n.f. et sun [tree →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/8121/#m2) **The whole BDB entry:** n.f. Ju 19, 14 et m. Gn 19, 23 (Albr ZAW xv (1895), 324) sun;—abs. שׁ׳ Jos 10:12 +, שָׁ֑מֶשׁ Ju 20:43 +; sf. שִׁמְשֵׁךְ Is 60:20, שִׁמְשָׁהּ Je 15:9; pl. sf. שִׁמְשֹׁתַ֫יִךְ Is 54:12;— sun, Gn 37:9 (E; + moon, stars); marking time: as rising (vb. זָרַח q.v.) Ex 22:2 (E) + 8 times + Mal 3:20 (fig. שׁ׳ צְדָקָה, of reward of the faithful, with wings, i.e. rays? Now GASm; or winged sun-disc \[cf. We\]?); vb. יָצָא Gn 19:23 (J), Is 13:10; Ju 5:31 (sim. of splendour; v יָצָא 1 f); setting (vb. בּוֹא) Gn 15:17 (J), Am 8:9 + 19 times, + וַיְהִי הַשּׁ׳ לָבוֹא Gn 15:12 (JE), שׁ׳ יָדַע מְבוֹאוֹ ψ 104:19 (v. בּוֹא 1 i, מָבוֹא 2); as giving daylight Is 60:9; hot 1 S 11:9; Ne 7:3; Ex 16:21 (P), cf. Is 49:10; Jon 4:8 ψ 121:6; as ripening crops Dt 33:14 (poem), cf. (fig.) Jb 8:16, tanning the face Ct 1:6; standing still at Joshua’s word Jos 10:12, 13a (poem in J; ‖ יָרֵחַ), v 13b (J), cf. Hb 3:11 (+ יָרֵחַ); casting shadow (on dial), יָֽרְדָה בְמַעֲלוֹת אָחָז בַּשּׁ׳ Is 38:8, וַתָּשָׁב הַשּׁ׳ v 8; set in sky by י׳ Je 31:25 ψ 19:5; 74:16; 136:8, enduring 72:5, 17 (cf. עִם 1 g, p. 768; \[פָּנֶה\] II. 4 a (e), p. 817), also 89:37; personif., called to praise י׳ 148:3 (+ יָרֵחַ); to be darkened by י׳’s judgment, Ez 32:7; Jo 2:10; 3:4; 4:15 (cf. Am 8:9 supr., Mi 3:6). of direction: מִמִּזְרַח הַשּׁ׳ Nu 21:11 (E) toward sun-rise, = East, cf. Dt 4:41, 47 + 16 times (v. מִזְרָח p. 280); מְבוֹא הַשּׁ׳ Dt 11:30 + 3 times (v. מָבוֹא 2, p. 99). obj. of worship (usually + moon, stars, etc.) 2 K 23:5; Je 8:2; Ez 8:16; Dt 4:19; horses given to שׁ׳ 2 K 23:11, מַרְכְּבוֹת הַשּׁ׳ v 11.—Vid. also בֵּית שׁ׳ p. 112b. other phr.: נֶגֶד הַשּׁ׳, i.e. openly, publicly, 2 S 12:12; Nu 25:4 (P), so לְעֵינֵי הַשּׁ׳ 2 S 12:11. fig. of living, חָזָה שׁ׳ ψ 58:9, רָאָה שׁ׳ Ex 6:5; 7:11; 11:7, opp. תֶּחְשַׁךְ הַשּׁ׳ 12:2. תַּחַת הַשּׁ׳, i.e. on the earth, Ec 1:3 + 28 times Ec (cf. Gk. ὑφʼ ἡλίῳ, KueOnd. iii. 196; Eini. iii.192). pinnacle, as glittering, shining, pl. Is 54:12 thy pinnacles, battlements (of Zion), so perhaps sg. שׁ׳ וּמָגֵן י׳ אֱלֹהִים ψ 84:12 battlement and shield is י׳ א׳ (Gr Bae Du Buhl; most sun, and so Thes De Che SS; Hup-Now hesitates). Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 54 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (3 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates) ### Trees and pragmatics [Every English meaning of «שֶׁמֶשׁ» parsed by Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/tanakh/1513/8121/), each sentence with its dependency tree and frames. ### In the verses [Psalms 104:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.104.19/) עָשָׂ֣ה יָ֭רֵחַ לְמוֹעֲדִ֑ים שֶׁ֝֗מֶשׁ יָדַ֥ע מְבוֹאֽוֹ׃ *Word for word:* he.made \[the\].moon for appointed.times \[the\].sun it.knows setting its *JPS 1917:* Who appointedst the moon for seasons; the sun knoweth his going down. [Psalms 58:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.58.9/) כְּמ֣וֹ שַׁ֭בְּלוּל תֶּ֣מֶס יַהֲלֹ֑ךְ נֵ֥פֶל אֵ֝֗שֶׁת בַּל־חָ֥זוּ שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ *Word for word:* like a.snail \[which\].melting.away it.goes a.miscarriage of.a.woman (of).\[which\].not they.have.seen \[the\].sun *JPS 1917:* Let them be as a snail which melteth and passeth away; like the untimely births of a woman, that have not seen the sun. - ← previous: [שִׁמְרָת](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/8119.md) - next →: [שִׁמְשׁוֹן](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/w/8123.md) - ↑ back to [ש](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/tanakh/1513-6.md)