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# Hebrew Psychological Lexicons

**Authors:** Natalie Shapira, Dana Atzil-Slonim, Daniel Juravski et al. (38 authors; [Yoav Goldberg](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/yoav-goldberg/) last) · **Year:** 2021 · **Venue:** Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology: Improving Access **Link:** [aclanthology.org/2021.clpsych-1.6](https://aclanthology.org/2021.clpsych-1.6/) · library `aclbulk-2021-shapira-hebrew-psychological-lexicons` · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

[**5** citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3166056670) openalex · 2026-10-18[**4** citations in our library](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/cited-by/aclbulk-2021-shapira-hebrew-psychological-lexicons/) of the 140673 papers whose bibliographies we read[Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology: Improving Access](https://aclanthology.org/volumes/2021.clpsych-1/)[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2021.clpsych-1.6/)
- [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2021.clpsych-1.6.pdf)
- [DOI 10.18653/v1/2021.clpsych-1.6](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.clpsych-1.6)
- [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W3166056670)

**Authors (37)**

1. [Natalie Shapira](https://openalex.org/A5078278146) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2714-9089) · h 7 · 225 citations · 32 works
2. Dana Atzil-Slonim
3. [Daniel Juravski](https://openalex.org/A5064397436) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0811-1106) · h 3 · 69 citations · 3 works
4. [Moran Baruch](https://openalex.org/A5027308449) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-6164) · h 8 · 753 citations · 19 works
5. Dana Stolowicz-Melman
6. [Adar Paz](https://openalex.org/A5080751450) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9023-8167) · h 6 · 157 citations · 15 works
7. Tal Alfi-Yogev
8. [Roy Azoulay](https://openalex.org/A5005313165) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-0067) · h 7 · 144 citations · 23 works
9. [Adi Singer](https://openalex.org/A5085896167) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
10. [Maayan Revivo](https://openalex.org/A5033057790) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
11. [Chen Dahbash](https://openalex.org/A5017636640) h 1 · 5 citations · 2 works
12. [Limor Dayan](https://openalex.org/A5040020431) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
13. [Tamar Naim](https://openalex.org/A5064102008) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
14. [Lidar Gez](https://openalex.org/A5092361368) h 2 · 7 citations · 3 works
15. [Boaz Yanai](https://openalex.org/A5043816503) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
16. [Adva Maman](https://openalex.org/A5061739035) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
17. [Adam Nadaf](https://openalex.org/A5024899243) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
18. [Elinor Sarfati](https://openalex.org/A5042832869) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
19. [Amna Baloum](https://openalex.org/A5068004477) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
20. [Tal Naor](https://openalex.org/A5017918794) h 5 · 91 citations · 9 works
21. [Ephraim Mosenkis](https://openalex.org/A5035944613) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
22. [Badreya Sarsour](https://openalex.org/A5028070453) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
23. [Jany Gelfand Morgenshteyn](https://openalex.org/A5042898526) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
24. [Yarden Elias](https://openalex.org/A5059030903) h 1 · 5 citations · 2 works
25. [Liat Braun](https://openalex.org/A5076064429) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
26. [Moria Rubin](https://openalex.org/A5018727753) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
27. [Matan Kenigsbuch](https://openalex.org/A5021305131) h 1 · 5 citations · 4 works
28. [Noa Bergwerk](https://openalex.org/A5077603389) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
29. [Noam Yosef](https://openalex.org/A5060148371) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
30. [Sivan Peled](https://openalex.org/A5038144664) h 5 · 387 citations · 6 works
31. [Coral Avigdor](https://openalex.org/A5031321950) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
32. [Rahav Obercyger](https://openalex.org/A5063554495) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
33. [Rachel Mann](https://openalex.org/A5068800862) h 4 · 52 citations · 21 works
34. [Tomer Alper](https://openalex.org/A5053177203) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
35. [Inbal Beka](https://openalex.org/A5078702122) h 1 · 5 citations · 1 works
36. [Ori Shapira](https://openalex.org/A5036417288) h 10 · 358 citations · 55 works
37. [Yoav Goldberg](https://openalex.org/A5028476919) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-829X) · h 63 · 24540 citations · 401 works

Citations and author metrics from openalex (2026-10-18); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

The authors build a set of Hebrew psychological lexicons (2018–2021) for the analysis of psychotherapy sessions, because no validated Hebrew psycholinguistic lexicon existed. The base data is 872 session transcripts from 74 client–therapist pairs (about 5 million tokens, about 100 thousand word types). Expert-built lists (positive and negative valence, emotional variety with complementary emotions, paralinguistic events, and 14 depressive-language characteristics) were judged by three judges; valence agreement was Fleiss' kappa 0.54 before reconciliation and 0.95 after. Data-driven lists come from the Marker approach (top-20 words that separate clinical from non-clinical clients) and from a 200-topic LDA model. The authors argue that translating an English lexicon such as LIWC fails in Hebrew, because first-person meaning sits in inflection and many forms are homographs with other emotion words. Most lists are public; the LIWC-derived ones are not released. The reported studies are correlational.

## Ideas

- I1. First-person and person counts from the tree instead of a word list: the paper says Hebrew person is carried by verb and noun inflection, so a list misses it. Count Person=1 features on verbs and pronouns in the UD tree ([05. The verb: system, binyanim, tense and use](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/05-verbs/)) and compare with a word-list count on the same sentences.
- I2. Lexicon expansion with a polarity check: when a base word is expanded to all its inflections, drop any unpointed form that collides with a word of the opposite class (the paper's examples are a pair meaning "sun" and "anger" and a pair meaning "relaxed" and "calm down" that share a root). The check is a table lookup over unpointed forms.
- I3. Marker-word contrast as a register measure: take the words more frequent in one corpus than in another with a log-odds score, keep the top 20 each way, and test the list on a held-out half. Run it twice on the same input and check the lists are identical before reporting anything.

## For Mova

I1 goes into [05. The verb: system, binyanim, tense and use](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/05-verbs/) (person marking) and is measured with `prag`. I2 goes into [2. Script and spelling](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/02-script-and-spelling/) (unpointed ambiguity) and is a rule over the lexicon build. I3 goes into [8. Lexicon and register](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/08-lexicon-register/) as a measure, with BTreeMap counts so the output is deterministic.

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. [DOI 10.18653/v1/2021.clpsych-1.6](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.clpsych-1.6)

```
@inproceedings{shapira2021hebrew,
  title = {{Hebrew Psychological Lexicons}},
  author = {Shapira, Natalie and Atzil-Slonim, Dana and Juravski, Daniel and Baruch, Moran and Stolowicz-Melman, Dana and Paz, Adar and Alfi-Yogev, Tal and Azoulay, Roy and Singer, Adi and Revivo, Maayan and Dahbash, Chen and Dayan, Limor and Naim, Tamar and Gez, Lidar and Yanai, Boaz and Maman, Adva and Nadaf, Adam and Sarfati, Elinor and Baloum, Amna and Naor, Tal and Mosenkis, Ephraim and Sarsour, Badreya and Morgenshteyn, Jany Gelfand and Elias, Yarden and Braun, Liat and Rubin, Moria and Kenigsbuch, Matan and Bergwerk, Noa and Yosef, Noam and Peled, Sivan and Avigdor, Coral and Obercyger, Rahav and Mann, Rachel and Alper, Tomer and Beka, Inbal and Shapira, Ori and Goldberg, Yoav},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology: Improving Access},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.18653/v1/2021.clpsych-1.6},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.clpsych-1.6}
}
```

- [← previous NLP in the DH pipeline: Transfer-learning to a Chronolect](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2021-rubinstein-nlp-dh-pipeline-transfer-learning/)
- [next → Automated Extraction of Sentencing Decisions from Court Cases in the Hebrew Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2021-wenger-automated-extraction-sentencing-decisions-court/)
- [↑ back to Modern Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/he/)

## References

63 references, 0 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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