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# Broad Coverage Multilingual Deep Sentence Generation with a Stochastic Multi-Level Realizer

**Authors:** [Bernd Bohnet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/bernd-bohnet/), [Leo Wanner](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/leo-wanner/), [Simon Mille](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/simon-mille/), [Alicia Burga](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/alicia-burga/) · **Year:** 2010 · **Venue:** Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics (Coling 2010) **Link:** [aclanthology.org/C10-1012](https://aclanthology.org/C10-1012/) · **Licence:** [CC BY-NC-SA 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) — summary only

[**56** citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W173713748) openalex · 2026-10-19[**37** citations in our library](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/cited-by/bohnet-2010-broad-coverage-multilingual-deep-sentence/) of the 140673 papers whose bibliographies we read[Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics (Coling 2010)](https://aclanthology.org/volumes/C10-1/)[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/C10-1012/)
- [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/C10-1012.pdf)
- [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W173713748)

**Authors (4)**

1. [Bernd Bohnet](https://openalex.org/A5066427994) [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1678747) · h 27 · 4405 citations · 103 works
2. [Leo Wanner](https://openalex.org/A5087323271) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9446-3748) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1758440) · h 27 · 2988 citations · 252 works
3. Simon Mille [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/2738095)
4. [Alicia Burga](https://openalex.org/A5088134995) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6593-5681) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/2846241) · h 9 · 250 citations · 40 works

Citations and author metrics from openalex (2026-10-19); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

The paper describes a multilingual generator that starts from deep, predicate-argument-like structures and produces sentences in several languages. It works in stages, and each stage has its own statistical decoder built from support vector machines. One decoder maps the semantic level to the syntactic level, one orders the words, and one produces the morphology. The stages are trained on multi-level annotated corpora. The authors report a BLEU score in the range of roughly 0.61 to 0.69 across the languages, with the highest value for Chinese, and they compare it with a grammar-based realiser on related inputs. They also observe that current annotation schemes do not always serve generation well, and that the corpora need extra generation-oriented layers.

## Ideas

- I1. Score errors per stage. Keep the three stage splits (structure, order, morphology) as separate residual counts. The translator already reports residuals per layer and class, so this adds a finer split inside the encoder.
- I2. Use a stage-wise count table where the paper uses a classifier. Each stage decides from counts of its own features, which keeps every step inspectable and deterministic. Keep the table order in `BTreeMap`.
- I3. Check the annotation schemes against the generation need. Count how many meta tokens of the translator lack a head or relation that the encoder needs, as the paper's observation suggests.

## For Mova

Only the principle carries over: a deep generator in stages, each stage scored on its own. The fit is `tools/translate` (`profile.rs`, the residual split) and `en/src/lin.rs`. The paper's SVM method is not for Mova, and a count-based form of the same stages is what Mova can use.

Topics: [Machine translation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/topics/machine-translation/)

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```
@inproceedings{bohnet2010broad,
  title = {{Broad Coverage Multilingual Deep Sentence Generation with a Stochastic Multi-Level Realizer}},
  author = {Bohnet, Bernd and Wanner, Leo and Mille, Simon and Burga, Alicia},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics (Coling 2010)},
  year = {2010},
  url = {https://aclanthology.org/C10-1012/}
}
```

- [← previous Creating a Universal Networking Language Module within an Advanced NLP System](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/boguslavsky-2000-creating-universal-networking-language-module/)
- [next → Generating Non-Projective Word Order in Statistical Linearization](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bohnet-2012-generating-non-projective-word-order/)
- [↑ back to Machine translation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/mtrans/)

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