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# Old English (Wikibooks, fetched 2026-10-17)

**Authors:** [Wikibooks contributors](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/wikibooks-contributors/) · **Year:** 2026 · **Venue:** Wikibooks (en.wikibooks.org) **Link:** [en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Old English](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Old_English) · **Licence:** [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) (Wikibooks text licence) — summary only; nothing copied into a release

grammar-book[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Old_English)
- [PDF](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Old_English)

**Authors (1)**

1. Wikibooks contributors

Citations and author metrics from OpenAlex (); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

A learner's course in Old English, the root page plus about 43 subpages, fetched through the MediaWiki API in 2026. The sections cover history and culture, orthography, nouns, pronouns, articles, adjectives, numbers, verbs, participles, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, interjections, word formation, I-mutation, and a set of graded lessons with vocabulary lists. The orthography section fixes a standard spelling on Early West Saxon and lists 19 consonant letters, including the runic-derived ones. The syntax section gives the basic order subject–verb–object and notes that fronting the object changes emphasis, and that a pronoun subject stays before the verb in object-fronted sentences, while a noun subject follows it. This is a teaching text, not a study: it gives no counts, measures or sources. I read the sections on orthography, syntax and I-mutation and the page list; I did not read the verb or vocabulary pages.

## Ideas

- I1. [8. Word order and phrase structure](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en-x-emode/08-word-order/): the pronoun-before-verb versus noun-after-verb contrast in fronted-object clauses is the same pattern as the subject placement in the Early Modern texts. Use it as a checklist of cases for `en/src/lin.rs`, with the Early Modern examples as the test set rather than Old English ones.
- I2. A small glossary of archaic English spellings taken from the orthography section, to test `en/src/emode.rs` for coverage. Only the list of forms and their English meanings may be used; the wording is not copied.

## For Mova

Chapters: [8. Word order and phrase structure](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en-x-emode/08-word-order/) and [5. Auxiliaries and modals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en-x-emode/05-auxiliaries/) for the order contrast. Code: `en/src/lin.rs`, `en/src/emode.rs`. Measure: the subject-placement accuracy of `en/src/lin.rs` on the Early Modern sample. Licence: CC BY-SA, so the page is read for ideas and checks only; nothing from it goes into a release.

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```
@book{contributors2026old,
  title = {{Old English (Wikibooks, fetched 2026-10-17)}},
  author = {contributors, Wikibooks},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Old_English}
}
```

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