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# Streifzüge durch die mittelenglische Syntax (Münster, 1887); Das englische Indefinitum (1903); Geschichte der englischen Sprache II: Historische Syntax (Strassburg: Trübner, 3. Aufl. 1916)

**Authors:** Eugen Einenkel · **Year:** 1887 (first volume), 1903, 1916 (third edition) · **Venue:** Münster; Strassburg: Trübner (in Paul's Grundriss) **Link:** [archive.org/details/geschichtedereng00eineuoft](https://archive.org/details/geschichtedereng00eineuoft) · **Licence:** [public domain](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/) (author died 1930; published before 1931)

grammar-book[licence](https://archive.org/details/geschichtedereng00eineuoft)

- [Publisher's page](https://archive.org/details/geschichtedereng00eineuoft)
- [PDF](https://archive.org/download/geschichtedereng00eineuoft/geschichtedereng00eineuoft.pdf)

**Authors (1)**

1. Eugen Einenkel

Citations and author metrics from OpenAlex (); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

A German-language historical syntax of English, with English examples from Old, Middle and Early Modern English. The volume on the indefinite (*Das englische Indefinitum*) is the core. It follows each indefinite and quantifier word through its history: *one*, *none*, *other*, *some*, *certain*, *any*, *such*, *all*, *both*, *each*, *either*, *neither*, *many*, *few*, *much*, *more*, *most*, *little*, *less*, *who*, *what*, *aught*, *naught*, *thing*, *body*, *head*. Each word has its own sections, numbered from § 1 to § 400, with the Old English, Middle English and later forms and their syntax. The introduction describes the stages of Anglo-French mixing, in which English speakers in Norman service used a simplified French, and the mixed usage became a norm. The text is German; the examples are English.

## Ideas

- I1. [10. Vocabulary: archaic words and false friends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en-x-emode/10-vocabulary/): turn the indefinite table into a closed table of forms per period (one, none, other, some, any, aught, naught), added to `en/src/emode.rs` with the period as a key. Measure lemmatiser and tagger coverage on the `en-x-emode` sample texts.
- I2. The *some* in negative contexts (the notes on Old English *ǣnig* and on *some* where modern English has *any*) is a polarity rule. Write it as a rule in the `prag` polarity module, and measure the polarity of *some* in EModE sentences with a negation, against a hand-checked set.
- I3. Use the stage model of Anglo-French contact as an origin tag in `world/src/dictionary.rs`, so that a French-origin word can be explained by its stage.

## For Mova

The chapters are [3. Pronouns](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en-x-emode/03-pronouns/), [10. Vocabulary: archaic words and false friends](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en-x-emode/10-vocabulary/) and [12. Pronouns, determiners and numerals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/12-pronouns-determiners-numerals/). The code is `en/src/emode.rs`, `en/src/morph.rs` and the `prag` polarity module. Measure: coverage of indefinite forms in the EModE samples, and the accuracy of the polarity rule on the hand-checked sentences.

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```
@book{einenkel1887streifzuge,
  title = {{Streifzüge durch die mittelenglische Syntax (Münster, 1887); Das englische Indefinitum (1903); Geschichte der englischen Sprache II: Historische Syntax (Strassburg: Trübner, 3. Aufl. 1916)}},
  author = {Einenkel, Eugen},
  year = {1887},
  url = {https://archive.org/details/geschichtedereng00eineuoft}
}
```

- [← previous Cross-Dialect Social Media Dependency Parsing for Social Scientific Entity Attribute Analysis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/eggleston-2022-cross-dialect-social-media-dependency/)
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## References

33 references, 0 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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26. Syntax von E. Einenkel, Münster 1887. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Syntax+von+E%2E+Einenkel%2C+M%C3%BCnster+1887%2E)
27. Suppl. : A Supplication of the Poore Commons, edit. by J. M. Cowper, London 1871. Ten Brink: Chaucers Sprache u. Verskunst v. B. Ten Brink, Leipzig 1884. Thack.: Thackeray. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Suppl%2E+%3A+A+Supplication+of+the+Poore+Commons%2C+edit%2E+by+J%2E+M%2E+Cowper%2C+London+1871%2E+Ten+Brink%3A+Chaucers+Sprache+u%2E+Verskunst+v%2E+B%2E+Ten+Brink%2C+Leipzig+1884%2E+Thack%2E%3A+Thackeray%2E)
28. Thorpe, Anal.: Thorpe's Analecta Anglo-Saxonica. TottePs Mise: A Miscellany, publ. by E. Tottel in Arbers Reprints. Town. Myst.: The Towneley Mysteries printed for the Surtees Society, London 1836. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Thorpe%2C+Anal%2E%3A+Thorpe%27s+Analecta+Anglo%2DSaxonica%2E+TottePs+Mise%3A+A+Miscellany%2C+publ%2E+by+E%2E+Tottel+in+Arbers+Reprints%2E+Town%2E+Myst%2E%3A+The+Towneley+Mysteries+printed+for+the+Surtees+Society%2C+London+1836%2E)
29. Trevisa: Higden's Polychronicou , edit. by Babington in Eer. brit. med. aevi Script., London 1865. TrolL: TroUope. Udall's Demonstr.: .f ohn Udall, A Demonstration of Discipline in Arber's Engl. Schol. Libr. No. 9. Vanbr.: Vanbrugh's Best Plays, edit. by A. E. H. Swaen, London 1896. Vi lieh.: La Conquete de Constantinople de G. de Villehardouin, publ. par N. de Wailly. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Trevisa%3A+Higden%27s+Polychronicou+%2C+edit%2E+by+Babington+in+Eer%2E+brit%2E+med%2E+aevi+Script%2E%2C+London+1865%2E+TrolL%3A+TroUope%2E+Udall%27s+Demonstr%2E%3A+%2Ef+ohn+Udall%2C+A+Demonstration+of+Discipline+in+Arber%27s+Engl%2E+Schol)
30. V ox & W. : The Vox and the Wolf in Mätzner's altengl. Sprachproben 1 133. W.: sieh Windisch. Wad., Man. Pechiez: Wadington's Manuel des Pechiez in Roberd of Brunne's Handlyng Synne, sieh Br. H. S. Wavrin: Jehan deWavrin, Recueil des Croniques etc. de la Grant Bretaigne, edit. by W. Hardy, London 1864 — 79 (Rer. Britann. med. aevi Script, tom. XXXIX). Wicl. : The Holy Bible by John Wycliffe, edit. by Forshall and Madden, Oxford 1850. Wicl. AVorks: English Works of Wyclif, edit. by Matthew, London 1880. William ofPal.: William of Palerne, edit. by Skeat, 1867. Windisch: Zur Theorie der Mischsprachen und Lehnwörter, Abb. von Windisch in Ber. über die Verb, der Kgl. Sachs. Ges. der Wissensch. zu Leipzig, Philol.-Hist. Cl., Bd. IL, pp. 101 ff. Wortstellung: Die engl. Wortstellung, Anglia, Bd. XVHI, p. 141 ff. Wright's Engl. Dial. Dict. : The English Dialect Dictionary, edit. by J. Wright, London 1898 ff. Wright's Pol. S.: Political Songs, edited by Th. Wright in Camden Society's Publ. vol. 6. Wülfing: Die Syntax in den Werken Alfi-ed's des Grossen von E. Wülfing, Bonn 1894—1901. Wynt.: Andrew of Wyntown's Cronykil of Scotland, edit. by Laing 1872. Ypom. : Ypomidon, hrsg. von Kölbing, Leipzig 1890. Zup. Ueb. B. : Alt- u. mittelengl. Uebungsbuch von Zupitza u. Schipper, Wien u. Leipzig 1897. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=V+ox+%26+W%2E+%3A+The+Vox+and+the+Wolf+in+M%C3%A4tzner%27s+altengl%2E+Sprachproben+1+133%2E+W%2E%3A+sieh+Windisch%2E+Wad%2E%2C+Man%2E+Pechiez%3A+Wadington%27s+Manuel+des+Pechiez+in+Roberd+of+Brunne%27s+Handlyng+Synne%2C+sieh+Br%2E+H%2E+S%2E+Wa)
31. am Leben blieb. — Die Formen al though und all if sind nach alledem aufzufassen als zusammengewachsen aus der alten konzessiven Konjunktion und dem vorbesprochenen neuen konzessiven Adverb. Vgl.: Wm. Gardner Haie: The Harmonizing of Grammatical Nomenclature, with Especial Reference to Mood- Syntax (methodo-logisch!) in Publ. of the Mod. Lang. Assoc. of America, vol. 26, Nr. 2 and vol. 27, Nr. 3. — B. Delbrück: Der Germanische Optativ im Satzgefüge, Paul u. Braune Beiträge 29 pp. 201 ff. — O. Behaghel: Die Modi im Heliand, Paderborn 1876. — E. Nader: Tempus und Modus im Beowulf, Anglia 10 pp. 542 ff. u. 11 pp. 444 ff. — M. Prol-lius: Über den synt. Gebrauch des Konjunktivs in den Kynewulf-schen Dichtungen EL, Jul. und Christ, Diss. 1888. — W. Fleischhauer Über den Gebrauch des Konj. in Aelfreds . . . Cura Pastoralis, Diss. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=am+Leben+blieb%2E+%E2%80%94+Die+Formen+al+though+und+all+if+sind+nach+alledem+aufzufassen+als+zusammengewachsen+aus+der+alten+konzessiven+Konjunktion+und+dem+vorbesprochenen+neuen+konzessiven+Adverb%2E+Vgl%2E%3A+Wm%2E+)
32. Erlangen 1886. — A. N. Henshaw: The Syntax of the Ind. and Subj. Moods in the Anglo-Saxon Gospels, Diss. Leipzig 1894. — W. A. Robertson: Tempus und Modus in der altengl. Chronik, Diss. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Erlangen+1886%2E+%E2%80%94+A%2E+N%2E+Henshaw%3A+The+Syntax+of+the+Ind%2E+and+Subj%2E+Moods+in+the+Anglo%2DSaxon+Gospels%2C+Diss%2E+Leipzig+1894%2E+%E2%80%94+W%2E+A%2E+Robertson%3A+Tempus+und+Modus+in+der+altengl%2E+Chronik%2C+Diss%2E)
33. Marburg 1906. — G. Hotz, On the Use of the Subj. Mood in Anglo-Saxon, Diss. Zürich 1882. — Roßmann: Zum Gebrauch der Modi und Modalverba in Adverbialsätzen im Frühmittelenglischen, Diss. Kiel 1908. — O. Hennicke: Der Konj. im Altenglischen [i. e. ME.!] und seine Umschreibung durch modale Hilfsverba, Diss. Göttingen 187S. — L. Claus: Der Konj. bei Shakspere, Progr. Neustadt a. O. 1885. — C. Lüttgens: Über den Gebrauch und die Bedeutung der Hilfsverba im frühen Altenglischen (Sculan und Willan), Diss. Kiel 1888. — M. Schünemann: Die Hilfszeitwörter in den engl. Bibelübers. der Hexapla (1388 — 161 1), Diss. Berlin 1902. — Teilweise verwendbar: H. Seyfarth: der synt. Gebrauch des Verbums in Cädmons .... Genesis, Diss. Leipzig 1891. — J. D. Späth: Die Syntax des Verbums in dem Angels. Gedichte Daniel, Diss. Leipzig 1893. — P. Th. Kühn: Die Syntax des Verbums in Aelfrics Heiligen-leben, Diss. Leipzig 1889. — W. Wandschneider: Zur Synt. des Verbs in Langleys Vision etc., Diss. 1887. — F. J. Ortmann: Formen und Syntax des Verbs bei Wycliffe und Purvey, Diss. Berlin 1902. — B. Zickner: Syntax und Stil in R. Pecocks Repressor, Diss. Berlin 1900. — Fred. Schmidt: Studies in the Language of Pecock, Diss. Uppsala 1900. — § 15. Durchgreifende Veränderungen zeigen sich auf dem Gebiete des Nomens, namentlich dem der Kasus, a) Schon altenglisch beginnt der Dat. dem Akk. sich zu nähern und schon mittel -englisch eine Art tonlosen Akk. -Dativs sich zu entwickeln, und zu derselben Zeit begegnen die ersten Umformungen unpersönlicher Konstruktionen zu persönlichen: ae. he hie to eaßmodre hersumnesse gedyde Sax. Chr., aber Parker MS.: he heom ealle (!) to eadmodere hyrsumnesse gedyde und Laud. MS. ebenso. Allgemein eow us für älteres usic eowic. — Wces on eorßan ece Drihten jeowertig daga folgod f oleum Gen. > swa he beboden beo Wulf st. > me. vre Louerd beo [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Marburg+1906%2E+%E2%80%94+G%2E+Hotz%2C+On+the+Use+of+the+Subj%2E+Mood+in+Anglo%2DSaxon%2C+Diss%2E+Z%C3%BCrich+1882%2E+%E2%80%94+Ro%C3%9Fmann%3A+Zum+Gebrauch+der+Modi+und+Modalverba+in+Adverbials%C3%A4tzen+im+Fr%C3%BChmittelenglischen%2C+Diss%2E+Kiel+1908%2E+%E2%80%94+)