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# Out-of-domain FrameNet Semantic Role Labeling

**Authors:** Silvana Hartmann, Ilia Kuznetsov, Teresa Martin, [Iryna Gurevych](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/iryna-gurevych/) · **Year:** 2017 · **Venue:** Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the ACL: Volume 1, Long Papers **Link:** [aclanthology.org/E17-1045](https://aclanthology.org/E17-1045/) (DOI not listed; ACL Anthology E17-1045) · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) (ACL Anthology)

[**37** citations in our library](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/cited-by/hartmann-2017-out-domain-framenet-semantic-role/) of the 140673 papers whose bibliographies we read[Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Volume 1, Long Papers](https://aclanthology.org/volumes/E17-1/)[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/E17-1045/)
- [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/E17-1045.pdf)

**Authors (4)**

1. Silvana Hartmann
2. Ilia Kuznetsov
3. Teresa Martin
4. Iryna Gurevych

Citations and author metrics from OpenAlex (); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

FrameNet role labeling is usually tested on one in-domain set (das-test). The authors test how it generalises. They build YAGS, a new test set of 1,415 sentences from Yahoo! Answers with 3,091 frame and 6,081 role annotations. Inter-rater agreement is Krippendorff's alpha 0.76 for frames and 0.62 for roles given matching spans. With the open-source Semafor system, frame identification accuracy is 82.09% on das-test but 39.52% on MASC and 62.17% on the Twitter sets, and role labeling collapses out of domain. With gold frames, the gap in role labeling disappears, so frame identification is the bottleneck. The authors propose a simpler frame identifier: averaged word vectors of the predicate and its context, with a neural classifier or WSABIE. It reaches 87.63% total accuracy in domain and 62.03% on YAGS, 53.73% on MASC and 68.67% on the Twitter average, above Semafor on all sets, least clearly on YAGS.

## Ideas

- I1. Frame identification is the step to measure first. For predicates with no lexicon entry, the choice is among all frames; Mova should report such "unknown" and "unlinked" cases separately, as the paper does, in `prag/src/frames.rs`.
- I2. Report Mova's frame accuracy both with and without the lexicon filter. The paper recommends the no-lexicon number because it shows the frame reader's quality without the lexicon's coverage.
- I3. Build a small out-of-domain test set from Mova's own kinds of input (questions and short user text), with frame labels from two annotators and an expert, and report Krippendorff's alpha. Keep it held out and run it once per release.
- I4. The word-vector model is not for Mova. The finding to copy is the error analysis: most out-of-domain loss is lexical coverage, so a count table of predicate-to-frame links (a BTreeMap, with counts) is the first thing to test.

## For Mova

The chapters are [13. Verbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/13-verbs/) and [19. The lexicon: vocabulary, multiword expressions and register](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/19-lexicon-mwe-register/). The code is `prag/src/frames.rs` and the lexicon in `en/src/dict.rs`. The measure is frame accuracy on school sentences split by whether the predicate is in the lexicon, run twice to confirm identical output.

Topics: [Semantic role labeling](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/topics/semantic-role-labeling/)

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```
@inproceedings{hartmann2017out,
  title = {{Out-of-domain FrameNet Semantic Role Labeling}},
  author = {Hartmann, Silvana and Kuznetsov, Ilia and Martin, Teresa and Gurevych, Iryna},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Volume 1, Long Papers},
  year = {2017},
  url = {https://aclanthology.org/E17-1045/}
}
```

- [← previous A Neural Model for Part-of-Speech Tagging in Historical Texts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/hardmeier-2016-neural-model-part-speech-tagging/)
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