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# Revisiting "verbal agreement": The case of Israeli Hebrew

**Authors:** Leon Shor · **Year:** 2022 · **Venue:** Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 7(1), pp. 1–35 **Link:** [glossa-journal.org/article/id/7955](https://www.glossa-journal.org/article/id/7955/) · library `lingbulk-2022-shor-revisiting-verbal-agreement-case-israeli` · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

[**1** citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4220680826) openalex-snapshot · 2026-10-14[Glossa: a journal of general linguistics](https://openalex.org/S4210226983)[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://doi.org/10.16995/glossa.7955)
- [PDF](https://www.glossa-journal.org/article/7955/galley/21942/download)
- [DOI 10.16995/glossa.7955](https://doi.org/10.16995/glossa.7955)
- [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W4220680826)

**Authors (1)**

1. [Shor, Leon](https://openalex.org/A5048609134) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9417-1983) · h 5 · 65 citations · 30 works

Citations and author metrics from openalex-snapshot (2026-10-14); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

The standard description of Israeli Hebrew (IH) says that the person affixes on suffix-conjugated (past) and prefix-conjugated (future) verbs are agreement markers, and that third-person verbs are not marked for person, so a third-person subject pronoun is needed. Shor questions both claims. Working within a usage-based, synchronic paradigm view, he argues that the affixes are better treated as referential elements, "bound pronouns", uniformly marked for person in all persons. He also argues that "verbal agreement" as a term depends on a bipartite clause model (a lexical subject NP and a predicate that are morphologically independent), which comes from the first Greek grammarians and is not supported by cross-linguistic data. The paper is a conceptual and descriptive argument; it reports no counts.

## Ideas

- I1. In the Hebrew verb analysis, record person on third-person suffix and prefix forms as a pronominal feature of the verb (for example `Person=3` with a bound-pronoun flag), and keep agreement as a separate relation. Check which way the UD annotation of `he` already goes before changing it.
- I2. A test on the treebanks: count clauses with a third-person verb and no overt subject, and check whether the parser or `world` can recover the referent from the verb's person-number-gender alone. If it cannot, the affix carries information the trees do not use.
- I3. Use the paper's paradigm table (its Table 1: suffix and prefix conjugation for each person) as a gold list of forms for `tools/hbo`-style morphology checks on Modern Hebrew verbs.

## For Mova

I1 goes into [05. The verb: system, binyanim, tense and use](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/05-verbs/) and [05b. Verb paradigms: the strong verb in seven binyanim and the weak roots](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/05b-verb-paradigms/). I2 is a measurement on `treebanks/he` (htb, iahltwiki) for the pro-drop rule in [7. Syntax](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/07-syntax/). I3 is a test set for the verb paradigms in [05b. Verb paradigms: the strong verb in seven binyanim and the weak roots](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/he/05b-verb-paradigms/).

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. [DOI 10.16995/glossa.7955](https://doi.org/10.16995/glossa.7955)

```
@article{shor2022revisiting,
  title = {{Revisiting "verbal agreement": The case of Israeli Hebrew}},
  author = {Shor, Leon},
  journal = {Glossa: a journal of general linguistics},
  year = {2022},
  doi = {10.16995/glossa.7955},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.16995/glossa.7955}
}
```

- [← previous Predicting the Proficiency Level of Nonnative Hebrew Authors](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/lingbulk-2022-nguyen-predicting-proficiency-level-nonnative-hebrew/)
- [next → HeSum: a Novel Dataset for Abstractive Text Summarization in Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/lingbulk-2024-mondshine-hesum-novel-dataset-abstractive-text/)
- [↑ back to Modern Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/he/)

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