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# Germanic syntax: A constraint-based view

**Authors:** [Stefan Müller](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/stefan-muller/) · **Year:** 2023 · **Venue:** Textbook, Language Science Press (Textbooks in Language Sciences 12) **Link:** [doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7733033](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7733033) · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

[**2** citations in our library](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/cited-by/muller-2023-germanic-syntax-constraint-based/) of the 140673 papers whose bibliographies we readtextbook[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7733033)
- [PDF](https://zenodo.org/api/records/7733033/files/353.pdf/content)

**Authors (1)**

1. Stefan Müller

Citations and author metrics from OpenAlex (); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

A textbook of about 320 pages (84,166 words, 101 figures) that compares the major syntactic properties of the Germanic languages in one framework, called "HPSG light": a reduced HPSG in which most of the analysis is shown as trees rather than attribute-value matrices. The phenomena chapter covers word order, V2, scrambling, adverbial placement, embedded clauses, expletives that mark clause type, verbal complexes in OV languages and subjectless constructions. Later chapters give phrase-structure rules, X-bar theory, valence with argument composition, linearisation, verbal complexes, V2, passives and case. The analyses are backed by implemented grammars (CoreGram: German, Danish, English, Yiddish). Only the preface, the table of contents, the phenomena chapter (2.7) and the start of chapter 5 were read for this card; the book has no experiments and no numbers to report.

## Ideas

- I1. [21. The simple clause](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/21-clause-structure/) and `en/src/lin.rs`: the book says English (a VO language) does not let the arguments of an embedded verb scramble with those of a higher verb ("will read the book" keeps its object inside the VP). Build a small English test set of auxiliary and modal chains with their admissible and inadmissible orders; measure whether `lin` accepts the first and rejects the second, and run it twice to check determinism.
- I2. [22. Phrases: noun, adjective, adverb and prepositional phrases](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/22-phrases/): the book's adverbial-placement section can become a table of slots for English adverbs (before the verb, after the auxiliary, clause-final) inside `lin.rs`, measured as word-order accuracy on UD EWT sentences with a shuffled-adverb control.
- I3. [26. Questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/26-questions/): the chapter on expletives marking clause type suggests a rule-based question-type feature (inversion, do-support, wh-fronting) that `prag` can read before answering; measure it on a hand-built list of yes/no and wh-questions.
- I4. [28. Voice and the passive](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/28-voice-and-passive/): the book treats passive as a lexical operation on argument structure. A passive rule over `arg-st`-like lists in the English lexicon would make the voice decision explicit; measure with the passive cases of the UD EWT dev set.

## For Mova

The English-relevant parts are chapters 20 to 28 of `languages/en/`. The code is `en/src/lin.rs` (linearisation, the place of the book's topology and LP ideas), `en/src/parse.rs` (dependency structure) and `prag` (questions). The measures are linearisation accuracy on UD EWT and LAS/UAS through `en parse-eval`. The German, Danish and Yiddish analyses do not apply to English directly, but the English-specific claims above can be tested without them.

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

```
@book{muller2023germanic,
  title = {{Germanic syntax: A constraint-based view}},
  author = {Müller, Stefan},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7733033}
}
```

- [← previous West Germanic noun-noun compounds and the morphology-syntax trade-off](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/mosteiro-2025-west-germanic-noun-noun-compounds/)
- [next → Grammatical theory: From transformational grammar to constraint-based approaches](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/muller-2023-grammatical-theory-from-transformational/)
- [↑ back to English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/en/)

## References

324 references, 1 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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2. Abeillé, Anne & Rui P. Chaves. 2021. Coordination. In Stefan Müller, Anne Abeillé, Robert D. Borsley & Jean-Pierre Koenig (eds.), Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: The handbook (Empirically Oriented Theoretical Morphology and Syntax 9), 725–776. Berlin: Language Science Press. DOI: 10 . 5281 / zenodo.5599848. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Abeill%C3%A9%2C+Anne+%26+Rui+P%2E+Chaves%2E+2021%2E+Coordination%2E+In+Stefan+M%C3%BCller%2C+Anne+Abeill%C3%A9%2C+Robert+D%2E+Borsley+%26+Jean%2DPierre+Koenig+%28eds%2E%29%2C+Head%2DDriven+Phrase+Structure+Grammar%3A+The+handbook+%28Empirically+Orient)
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