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# Treebanks

139 paper cards from Mova's library · 1 of them with an idea Mova measured or kept · page 1 of 2

## What it is

A treebank is a collection of sentences where each one comes with its grammatical tree, drawn or checked by people. The Penn Treebank of English newspaper text made statistical parsing possible; today the Universal Dependencies treebanks cover more than a hundred languages.

Treebanks are how parsers learn and how they are measured. Building one is slow, careful work: guidelines, trained annotators, agreement checks. Every treebank also has its own habits, and knowing them matters as much as the trees themselves.

## How Mova does it

Mova keeps a folder for every UD treebank it uses, with its annotation habits and converters, and builds its own silver corpus of English trees. On this site every sentence of its corpora — the Tanakh, the school lessons and the fairy tales — has its own page with its tree drawn word by word.

- [Treebanks: seeds, papers and converters](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/)
- [Mova's own corpus: silver UD for English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/corpus/)
- [The corpora, sentence by sentence](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/)

## The papers (139)

Cards with a measured or kept idea first, then by citations.

Pages: **1** · [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/topics/treebanks-2/)

1. [How Bad is the Problem of PP-Attachment? A Comparison of English, German and Swedish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2006-volk-how-bad-is-problem-pp/) `2 ideas kept` *— [Martin Volk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martin-volk/), 2006*
2. [Building a Large Annotated Corpus of English: The Penn Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-1993-marcus-building-large-annotated-corpus-english/) *— Mitchell P. Marcus, [Beatrice Santorini](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/beatrice-santorini/), [Mary Ann Marcinkiewicz](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/mary-ann-marcinkiewicz/), 1993 · 7324 citations*
3. [The Proposition Bank: An Annotated Corpus of Semantic Roles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/palmer-2005-proposition-bank-annotated-corpus-semantic/) *— [Martha Palmer](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martha-palmer/), [Daniel Gildea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-gildea/), [Paul Kingsbury](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/paul-kingsbury/), 2005 · 2276 citations*
4. [CoNLL-X Shared Task on Multilingual Dependency Parsing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/parsers-2006-buchholz-conll-x-shared-task-multilingual/) *— Sabine Buchholz, [Erwin Marsi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/erwin-marsi/), 2006 · 967 citations*
5. [Tokenizing, POS Tagging, Lemmatizing and Parsing UD 2.0 with UDPipe](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2017-straka-tokenizing-pos-tagging-lemmatizing-parsing/) *— [Milan Straka](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/milan-straka/), [Jana Straková](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jana-strakova/), 2017 · 567 citations*
6. [CCGbank: A Corpus of CCG Derivations and Dependency Structures Extracted from the Penn Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2007-hockenmaier-ccgbank-corpus-ccg-derivations-dependency/) *— Julia Hockenmaier, [Mark Steedman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/mark-steedman/), 2007 · 383 citations*
7. [CoNLL 2017 Shared Task: Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2017-zeman-conll-2017-shared-task-multilingual/) *— [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/), [Martin Popel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martin-popel/), [Milan Straka](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/milan-straka/), [Jan Hajič](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jan-hajic/) et al., 2017 · 368 citations*
8. [75 Languages, 1 Model: Parsing Universal Dependencies Universally](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2019-kondratyuk-75-languages-1-model-parsing/) *— Dan Kondratyuk, [Milan Straka](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/milan-straka/), 2019 · 226 citations*
9. [LinGO Redwoods: A Rich and Dynamic Treebank for HPSG](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/enprag-2004-oepen-lingo-redwoods-rich-dynamic-treebank/) *— [Stephan Oepen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/stephan-oepen/), [Dan Flickinger](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/dan-flickinger/), [Kristina Toutanova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/kristina-toutanova/), [Christopher D. Manning](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/christopher-d-manning/), 2004 · 139 citations*
10. [UDPipe 2.0 Prototype at CoNLL 2018 UD Shared Task](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-straka-udpipe-2-0-prototype-conll/) *— [Milan Straka](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/milan-straka/), 2018 · 116 citations*
11. [Trankit: A Light-Weight Transformer-based Toolkit for Multilingual Natural Language Processing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2021-nguyen-trankit-light-weight-transformer-based/) *— Minh Van Nguyen, Viet Dac Lai, [Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amir-pouran-ben-veyseh/), [Thien Huu Nguyen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/thien-huu-nguyen/), 2021 · 110 citations*
12. [Parsing Arabic Dialects](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2006-chiang-parsing-arabic-dialects/) *— [David Chiang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/david-chiang/), [Mona Diab](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/mona-diab/), [Nizar Habash](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nizar-habash/), [Owen Rambow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/owen-rambow/) et al., 2006 · 110 citations*
13. [Reflections on the Penn Discourse TreeBank, Comparable Corpora, and Complementary Annotation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/prasad-2014-reflections-penn-discourse-treebank-comparable/) *— [Rashmi Prasad](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/rashmi-prasad/), [Bonnie Webber](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/bonnie-webber/), [Aravind Joshi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/aravind-joshi/), 2014 · 91 citations*
14. [Fully Parsing the Penn Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2006-gabbard-fully-parsing-penn-treebank/) *— [Ryan Gabbard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/ryan-gabbard/), [Seth Kulick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/seth-kulick/), [Mitchell Marcus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/mitchell-marcus/), 2006 · 77 citations*
15. [Frustratingly Hard Domain Adaptation for Dependency Parsing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2007-dredze-frustratingly-hard-domain-adaptation-dependency/) *— Mark Dredze, John Blitzer, Partha Pratim Talukdar, Kuzman Ganchev et al., 2007 · 72 citations*
16. [WikiCoref: An English Coreference-annotated Corpus of Wikipedia Articles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ghaddar-2016-wikicoref-english-coreference-annotated-corpus/) *— Abbas Ghaddar, Phillippe Langlais, 2016 · 70 citations*
17. [CoNLL 2018 Shared Task: Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-zeman-conll-2018-shared-task-multilingual/) *— [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/), [Jan Hajič](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jan-hajic/), [Martin Popel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martin-popel/), [Martin Potthast](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martin-potthast/) et al., 2018 · 61 citations*
18. [The Galactic Dependencies Treebanks: Getting More Data by Synthesizing New Languages](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2016-wang-galactic-dependencies-treebanks-getting-more/) *— Dingquan Wang, [Jason Eisner](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jason-eisner/), 2016 · 58 citations*
19. [LinES: An English-Swedish Parallel Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2007-ahrenberg-lines-english-swedish-parallel-treebank/) *— [Lars Ahrenberg](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/lars-ahrenberg/), 2007 · 47 citations*
20. [SciDTB: Discourse Dependency TreeBank for Scientific Abstracts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/yang-2018-scidtb-discourse-dependency-treebank-scientific/) *— An Yang, Sujian Li, 2018 · 42 citations*
21. [Coordination Structures in Dependency Treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2013-popel-coordination-structures-dependency-treebanks/) *— [Martin Popel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martin-popel/), [David Mareček](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/david-marecek/), [Jan Štěpánek](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jan-stepanek/), [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/) et al., 2013 · 41 citations*
22. [Translation Divergences in Chinese–English Machine Translation: An Empirical Investigation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/deng-2017-translation-divergences-chinese-english-machine/) *— Dun Deng, [Nianwen Xue](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nianwen-xue/), 2017 · 40 citations*
23. [Syntactic Annotation Guidelines for the Quranic Arabic Dependency Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2010-dukes-syntactic-annotation-guidelines-quranic-arabic/) *— [Kais Dukes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/kais-dukes/), [Eric Atwell](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/eric-atwell/), Abdul-Baquee M. Sharaf, 2010 · 40 citations*
24. [Joint Syntacto-Discourse Parsing and the Syntacto-Discourse Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/zhao-2017-joint-syntacto-discourse-parsing-syntacto/) *— Kai Zhao, [Liang Huang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/liang-huang/), 2017 · 39 citations*
25. [UniMorph 4.0: Universal Morphology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/lex-2022-batsuren-unimorph-4/) *— [Khuyagbaatar Batsuren](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/khuyagbaatar-batsuren/), [Omer Goldman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/omer-goldman/), [Salam Khalifa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/salam-khalifa/), 2022 · 37 citations*
26. [Enhancing Universal Dependency Treebanks: A Case Study](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-nivre-enhancing-universal-dependency-treebanks-case/) *— [Joakim Nivre](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/joakim-nivre/), Paola Marongiu, [Filip Ginter](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/filip-ginter/), [Jenna Kanerva](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jenna-kanerva/) et al., 2018 · 34 citations*
27. [Overview of the IWPT 2020 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2020-bouma-overview-iwpt-2020-shared-task/) *— [Gosse Bouma](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/gosse-bouma/), [Djamé Seddah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/djame-seddah/), [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/), 2020 · 31 citations*
28. [Evaluating Dependency Parsing: Robust and Heuristics-Free Cross-Annotation Evaluation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2011-tsarfaty-evaluating-dependency-parsing-robust-heuristics/) *— [Reut Tsarfaty](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/reut-tsarfaty/), [Joakim Nivre](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/joakim-nivre/), Evelina Andersson, 2011 · 28 citations*
29. [Statistical Parsing by Machine Learning from a Classical Arabic Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/langstream-2015-dukes-statistical-parsing-machine-learning-classical/) *— [Kais Dukes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/kais-dukes/), 2015 · 25 citations*
30. [Easy-First Dependency Parsing of Modern Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2010-goldberg-easy-first-dependency-parsing-modern/) *— [Yoav Goldberg](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/yoav-goldberg/), [Michael Elhadad](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/michael-elhadad/), 2010 · 23 citations*
31. [Morphologically Annotated Corpora for Seven Arabic Dialects: Taizi, Sanaani, Najdi, Jordanian, Syrian, Iraqi and Moroccan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2019-alshargi-morphologically-annotated-corpora-seven-arabic/) *— Faisal Alshargi, Shahd Dibas, Sakhar Alkhereyf, [Reem Faraj](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/reem-faraj/) et al., 2019 · 22 citations*
32. [Graph-to-Graph Transformer for Transition-based Dependency Parsing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2020-mohammadshahi-graph-graph-transformer-transition-based/) *— [Alireza Mohammadshahi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/alireza-mohammadshahi/), [James Henderson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/james-henderson/), 2020 · 21 citations*
33. [Joint Prediction of Morphosyntactic Categories for Fine-Grained Arabic Part-of-Speech Tagging Exploiting Tag Dictionary Information](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/lingbulk-2017-inoue-joint-prediction-morphosyntactic-categories-fine/) *— [Go Inoue](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/go-inoue/), [Hiroyuki Shindo](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/hiroyuki-shindo/), [Yuji Matsumoto](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/yuji-matsumoto/), 2017 · 21 citations*
34. [Automatic Detection and Correction of Errors in Dependency Treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2011-volokh-automatic-detection-correction-errors-dependency/) *— Alexander Volokh, Günter Neumann, 2011 · 20 citations*
35. [Unsupervised Morphology Rivals Supervised Morphology for Arabic MT](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2012-stallard-unsupervised-morphology-rivals-supervised-morphology/) *— David Stallard, Jacob Devlin, Michael Kayser, Yoong Keok Lee et al., 2012 · 19 citations*
36. [Converting an English-Swedish Parallel Treebank to Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2015-ahrenberg-converting-english-swedish-parallel-treebank/) *— [Lars Ahrenberg](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/lars-ahrenberg/), 2015 · 17 citations*
37. [Parsing Noun Phrases in the Penn Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2011-vadas-parsing-noun-phrases-penn-treebank/) *— [David Vadas](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/david-vadas/), [James R. Curran](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/james-r-curran/), 2011 · 15 citations*
38. [All Roads Lead to UD: Converting Stanford and Penn Parses to English Universal Dependencies with Multilayer Annotations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/peng-2018-all-roads-lead-ud-converting/) *— [Siyao Peng](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/siyao-peng/), [Amir Zeldes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amir-zeldes/), 2018 · 14 citations*
39. [The Denoised Web Treebank: Evaluating Dependency Parsing under Noisy Input Conditions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/lingbulk-2016-daiber-denoised-web-treebank-evaluating-dependency/) *— Joachim Daiber, [Rob van der Goot](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/rob-van-der-goot/), 2016 · 14 citations*
40. [What determines the order of adjectives in English? Comparing efficiency-based theories using dependency treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2020-futrell-what-determines-order-adjectives-english/) *— Richard Futrell, William Dyer, Greg Scontras, 2020 · 13 citations*
41. [Improving Arabic Dependency Parsing with Form-based and Functional Morphological Features](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2011-marton-improving-arabic-dependency-parsing-form/) *— [Yuval Marton](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/yuval-marton/), [Nizar Habash](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nizar-habash/), [Owen Rambow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/owen-rambow/), 2011 · 13 citations*
42. [Towards the Annotation of Penn TreeBank with Information Structure](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bohnet-2013-annotation-penn-treebank-information-structure/) *— [Bernd Bohnet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/bernd-bohnet/), [Alicia Burga](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/alicia-burga/), [Leo Wanner](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/leo-wanner/), 2013 · 12 citations*
43. [A Dependency Treebank of Spoken Second Language English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/kyle-2022-dependency-treebank-spoken-second-language/) *— [Kristopher Kyle](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/kristopher-kyle/), Masaki Eguchi, Aaron Miller, Theodore Sither, 2022 · 11 citations*
44. [An Arabic Dependency Treebank in the Travel Domain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/langstream-2019-taji-arabic-dependency-treebank-travel-domain/) *— [Dima Taji](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/dima-taji/), [Jamila El Gizuli](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jamila-el-gizuli/), [Nizar Habash](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nizar-habash/), 2019 · 11 citations*
45. [The Hebrew Universal Dependency Treebank: Past, Present and Future](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-sade-hebrew-universal-dependency-treebank-past/) *— Shoval Sade, [Amit Seker](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amit-seker/), [Reut Tsarfaty](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/reut-tsarfaty/), 2018 · 11 citations*
46. [Arabic Multi-Dialect Segmentation: bi-LSTM-CRF vs. SVM](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/langstream-2017-eldesouki-arabic-multi-dialect-segmentation-bi/) *— [Mohamed Eldesouki](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/mohamed-eldesouki/), [Younes Samih](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/younes-samih/), [Ahmed Abdelali](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/ahmed-abdelali/), [Mohammed Attia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/mohammed-attia/) et al., 2017 · 10 citations*
47. [A non-projective greedy dependency parser with bidirectional LSTMs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2017-vilares-non-projective-greedy-dependency-parser/) *— David Vilares, [Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/carlos-gomez-rodriguez/), 2017 · 8 citations*
48. [Correcting Dependency Annotation Errors](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/dickinson-2009-correcting-dependency-annotation-errors/) *— [Markus Dickinson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/markus-dickinson/), 2009 · 7 citations*
49. [Using Modern Languages to Parse Ancient Ones: a Test on Old English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/villa-2023-modern-languages-parse-ancient-ones/) *— [Luca Brigada Villa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/luca-brigada-villa/), [Martina Giarda](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/martina-giarda/), 2023 · 6 citations*
50. [Akkadian Treebank for early Neo-Assyrian Royal Inscriptions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/treebanks-2020-luukko-akkadian-treebank-early-neo-assyrian/) *— Mikko Luukko, [Aleksi Sahala](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/aleksi-sahala/), Sam Hardwick, [Krister Lindén](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/krister-linden/), 2020 · 6 citations*
51. [Mind the Gap: Data Enrichment in Dependency Parsing of Elliptical Constructions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-droganova-mind-gap-data-enrichment-dependency/) *— [Kira Droganova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/kira-droganova/), [Filip Ginter](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/filip-ginter/), [Jenna Kanerva](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jenna-kanerva/), [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/), 2018 · 6 citations*
52. [Universal Morpho-Syntactic Parsing and the Contribution of Lexica: Analyzing the ONLP Lab Submission to the CoNLL 2018 Shared Task](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-seker-universal-morpho-syntactic-parsing-contribution/) *— [Amit Seker](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amit-seker/), [Amir More](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amir-more/), [Reut Tsarfaty](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/reut-tsarfaty/), 2018 · 5 citations*
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57. [A Cross-Task Flexible Transition Model for Arabic Tokenization, Affix Detection, Affix Labeling, POS Tagging, and Dependency Parsing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2013-tratz-cross-task-flexible-transition-model/) *— Stephen Tratz, 2013 · 4 citations*
58. [Construct State Modification in the Arabic Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2008-gabbard-construct-state-modification-arabic-treebank/) *— [Ryan Gabbard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/ryan-gabbard/), [Seth Kulick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/seth-kulick/), 2008 · 4 citations*
59. [Data-driven Parsing Evaluation for Child-Parent Interactions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2023-liu-data-driven-parsing-evaluation-child/) *— [Zoey Liu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/zoey-liu/), [Emily Prud'hommeaux](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/emily-prud-hommeaux/), 2023 · 3 citations*
60. [Integrating Graph-Based and Transition-Based Dependency Parsers in the Deep Contextualized Era](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2020-falenska-integrating-graph-based-transition-based/) *— [Agnieszka Falenska](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/agnieszka-falenska/), [Anders Björkelund](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/anders-bjorkelund/), [Jonas Kuhn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jonas-kuhn/), 2020 · 3 citations*
61. [Approximate Dynamic Oracle for Dependency Parsing with Reinforcement Learning](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-yu-approximate-dynamic-oracle-dependency-parsing/) *— [Xiang Yu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/xiang-yu/), [Ngoc Thang Vu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/ngoc-thang-vu/), [Jonas Kuhn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jonas-kuhn/), 2018 · 3 citations*
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63. [Comparing Neural Network Parsers for a Less-resourced and Morphologically-rich Language: Amharic Dependency Parser](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2020-seyoum-comparing-neural-network-parsers-less/) *— [Binyam Ephrem Seyoum](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/binyam-ephrem-seyoum/), [Yusuke Miyao](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/yusuke-miyao/), [Baye Yimam Mekonnen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/baye-yimam-mekonnen/), 2020 · 2 citations*
64. [Estimating POS Annotation Consistency of Different Treebanks in a Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aggarwal-2020-estimating-pos-annotation-consistency-different/) *— Akshay Aggarwal, [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/), 2020 · 2 citations*
65. [Inherent Dependency Displacement Bias of Transition-Based Algorithms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2020-anderson-inherent-dependency-displacement-bias-transition/) *— Mark Anderson, [Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/carlos-gomez-rodriguez/), 2020 · 2 citations*
66. [Sentence Boundary Detection on Line Breaks in Japanese](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2020-hayashibe-sentence-boundary-detection-line-breaks/) *— Yuta Hayashibe, Kensuke Mitsuzawa, 2020 · 2 citations*
67. [Annotation Scheme for English Argument Structure Constructions Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2024-sung-annotation-scheme-english-argument-structure/) *— Hakyung Sung, [Kristopher Kyle](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/kristopher-kyle/), 2024 · 1 citations*
68. [Out-of-Domain Dependency Parsing for Dialects of Arabic: A Case Study](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2024-mokh-out-domain-dependency-parsing-dialects/) *— [Noor Abo Mokh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/noor-abo-mokh/), Daniel Dakota, [Sandra Kübler](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/sandra-kubler/), 2024 · 1 citations*
69. [Are UD Treebanks Getting More Consistent? A Report Card for English UD](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/zeldes-2023-are-ud-treebanks-getting-more/) *— [Amir Zeldes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amir-zeldes/), [Nathan Schneider](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nathan-schneider/), 2023 · 1 citations*
70. [Towards an adequate account of parataxis in Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2019-ahrenberg-adequate-account-parataxis-universal-dependencies/) *— [Lars Ahrenberg](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/lars-ahrenberg/), 2019 · 1 citations*
71. [Automatic Cross-Lingual Similarization of Dependency Grammars for Tree-based Machine Translation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/jiang-2016-automatic-cross-lingual-similarization-dependency/) *— [Wenbin Jiang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/wenbin-jiang/), Wen Zhang, Jinan Xu, Rangjia Cai, 2016 · 1 citations*
72. [A Proposal for a More Universal Annotation of Relative Clauses in Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2026-herrera-proposal-more-universal-annotation-relative/) *— Santiago Herrera, [Sylvain Kahane](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/sylvain-kahane/), 2026*
73. [Beyond Word Boundaries: A Hebrew Coreference Benchmark and an Evaluation Protocol for Morphologically Complex Text](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/coref-2026-greenfeld-beyond-word-boundaries-hebrew-coreference/) *— [Refael Shaked Greenfeld](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/refael-shaked-greenfeld/), [Reut Tsarfaty](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/reut-tsarfaty/), 2026*
74. [Dicta-LM 3.0: Advancing The Frontier of Hebrew Sovereign LLMs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/langstream-2026-shmidman-dicta-lm-3-0-advancing/) *— [Shaltiel Shmidman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/shaltiel-shmidman/), [Avi Shmidman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/avi-shmidman/), [Amir DN Cohen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/amir-dn-cohen/), [Moshe Koppel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/moshe-koppel/), 2026*
75. [From Syntax to Semantics: Introducing UMR for NLP Annotation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/pagano-2026-syntax-semantics-introducing-umr-nlp/) *— Adriana S. Pagano, Magali Sanches Duran, [Federica Gamba](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/federica-gamba/), 2026*
76. [Modelling the Morphology of Verbal Paradigms: A Case Study in the Tokenization of Turkish and Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2026-samo-modelling-morphology-verbal-paradigms-case/) *— Giuseppe Samo, [Paola Merlo](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/paola-merlo/), 2026*
77. [Parsing Arabic Dialects Revisited: New Benchmarks, Models, and Insights](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2026-elshabrawy-parsing-arabic-dialects-revisited-new/) *— Ahmed Farouk Zakaria Elshabrawy, [Go Inoue](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/go-inoue/), [Muhammed AbuOdeh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/muhammed-abuodeh/), [Nizar Habash](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nizar-habash/), 2026*
78. [Universal Dependencies guidelines (v2): English-specific pages](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/contributors-2026-universal-dependencies-guidelines/) *— Universal Dependencies contributors, 2026*
79. [A New Hebrew Universal Dependency Treebank: The First Treebank of Post-Rabbinic Historical Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2025-tal-new-hebrew-universal-dependency-treebank/) *— [Rachel Tal](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/rachel-tal/), Shlomit Fuchs, Orly Albeck, Elisheva Brauner et al., 2025*
80. [Annotating Second Language in Universal Dependencies: a Review of Current Practices and Directions for Harmonized Guidelines](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/masciolini-2025-annotating-second-language-universal-dependencies/) *— [Arianna Masciolini](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/arianna-masciolini/), Aleksandrs Berdicevskis, Maria Irena Szawerna, Elena Volodina, 2025*
81. [Expanding the Universal Dependencies Ancient Hebrew Treebank with Constituency Data](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2025-swanson-expanding-universal-dependencies-ancient-hebrew/) *— [Daniel G. Swanson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-g-swanson/), 2025*
82. [Negation in Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/findlay-2025-negation-universal-dependencies/) *— Jamie Yates Findlay, Dag Trygve Truslew Haug, 2025*
83. [Pre-annotation Matters: A Comparative Study on POS and Dependency Annotation for an Alsatian Dialect](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bernhard-2025-pre-annotation-matters-comparative-study/) *— [Delphine Bernhard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/delphine-bernhard/), Nathanaël Beiner, Barbara Hoff, 2025*
84. [Step-by-step Instructions and a Simple Tabular Output Format Improve the Dependency Parsing Accuracy of LLMs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/matsuda-2025-step-step-instructions-simple-tabular/) *— [Hiroshi Matsuda](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/hiroshi-matsuda/), Chunpeng Ma, [Masayuki Asahara](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/masayuki-asahara/), 2025*
85. [«Are you Afraid of Ghosts?» A Proposal for Busting Predicate Ellipsis in Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/corbetta-2025-guillemotleftare-you-afraid-ghosts-guillemotright/) *— Claudia Corbetta, Federica Iurescia, Marco Carlo Passarotti, 2025*
86. [Fitting Fixed Expressions into the UD Mould: Swedish as a Use Case](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2024-ahrenberg-fitting-fixed-expressions-into-ud/) *— [Lars Ahrenberg](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/lars-ahrenberg/), 2024*
87. [Producing a Parallel Universal Dependencies Treebank of Ancient Hebrew and Ancient Greek via Cross-Lingual Projection](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2024-swanson-producing-parallel-universal-dependencies-treebank/) *— [Daniel G. Swanson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-g-swanson/), [Bryce D. Bussert](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/bryce-d-bussert/), [Francis Tyers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/francis-tyers/), 2024*
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89. [Towards Named-Entity and Coreference Annotation of the Hebrew Bible](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/coref-2024-swanson-named-entity-coreference-annotation-hebrew/) *— [Daniel G. Swanson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-g-swanson/), [Bryce D. Bussert](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/bryce-d-bussert/), [Francis Tyers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/francis-tyers/), 2024*
90. [Conjunct Lengths in English, Dependency Length Minimization, and Dependency Structure of Coordination](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/przepiorkowski-2023-conjunct-lengths-english-dependency-length/) *— [Adam Przepiórkowski](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/adam-przepiorkowski/), Michał Woźniak, 2023*
91. [Unified Syntactic Annotation of English in the CGEL Framework](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2023-reynolds-unified-syntactic-annotation-english-cgel/) *— [Brett Reynolds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/brett-reynolds/), [Aryaman Arora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/aryaman-arora/), [Nathan Schneider](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nathan-schneider/), 2023*
92. [A Universal Dependencies Treebank of Ancient Hebrew](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2022-swanson-universal-dependencies-treebank-ancient-hebrew/) *— [Daniel G. Swanson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-g-swanson/), [Francis M. Tyers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/francis-m-tyers/), 2022*
93. [Camel Treebank: An Open Multi-genre Arabic Dependency Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/lingbulk-2022-habash-camel-treebank-open-multi-genre/) *— [Nizar Habash](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/nizar-habash/), [Muhammed AbuOdeh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/muhammed-abuodeh/), [Dima Taji](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/dima-taji/), [Reem Faraj](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/reem-faraj/) et al., 2022*
94. [The Tembusu Treebank: An English Learner Treebank](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/bank-2022-costa-tembusu-treebank-english-learner-treebank/) *— Luís Morgado da Costa, [Francis Bond](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/francis-bond/), Roger V. P. Winder, 2022*
95. [Annotation guidelines of UD and SUD treebanks for spoken corpora: A proposal](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2021-kahane-annotation-guidelines-ud-sud-treebanks/) *— [Sylvain Kahane](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/sylvain-kahane/), Bernard Caron, Emmett Strickland, Kim Gerdes, 2021*
96. [How useful are Enhanced Universal Dependencies for semantic interpretation?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2021-findlay-how-useful-are-enhanced-universal/) *— Jamie Y. Findlay, Dag T. T. Haug, 2021*
97. [Minor changes make a difference: a case study on the consistency of UD-based dependency parsers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/kalpakchi-2021-minor-changes-make-difference-case/) *— Dmytro Kalpakchi, Johan Boye, 2021*
98. [I3rab: A New Arabic Dependency Treebank Based on Arabic Grammatical Theory](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/langstream-2020-halabi-i3rab-new-arabic-dependency-treebank/) *— Dana Halabi, Ebaa Fayyoumi, Arafat Awajan, 2020*
99. [Identifying and Handling Cross-Treebank Inconsistencies in UD: A Pilot Study](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/donicke-2020-identifying-handling-cross-treebank-inconsistencies/) *— [Tillmann Dönicke](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/tillmann-donicke/), [Xiang Yu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/xiang-yu/), [Jonas Kuhn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/jonas-kuhn/), 2020*
100. [NoEl: An Annotated Corpus for Noun Ellipsis in English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/gram-2020-khullar-noel-annotated-corpus-noun-ellipsis/) *— [Payal Khullar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/payal-khullar/), Kushal Majmundar, [Manish Shrivastava](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/manish-shrivastava/), 2020*

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