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# Overview of the IWPT 2020 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies

**Authors:** [Gosse Bouma](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/gosse-bouma/), [Djamé Seddah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/djame-seddah/), [Daniel Zeman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/authors/daniel-zeman/) · **Year:** 2020 · **Venue:** Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Parsing Technologies and the IWPT 2020 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies **Link:** [aclanthology.org/2020.iwpt-1.16](https://aclanthology.org/2020.iwpt-1.16/) · **Licence:** [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

[**31** citations](https://openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3037482111) openalex · 2026-10-19[**21** citations in our library](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/cited-by/ud-2020-bouma-overview-iwpt-2020-shared-task/) of the 140673 papers whose bibliographies we read[Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Parsing Technologies and the IWPT 2020 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies](https://aclanthology.org/volumes/2020.iwpt-1/)[licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

- [Publisher's page](https://aclanthology.org/2020.iwpt-1.16/)
- [PDF](https://aclanthology.org/2020.iwpt-1.16.pdf)
- [DOI 10.18653/v1/2020.iwpt-1.16](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.iwpt-1.16)
- [OpenAlex](https://openalex.org/W3037482111)

**Authors (3)**

1. [Gosse Bouma](https://openalex.org/A5040322057) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-3181) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/144254013) · h 30 · 4489 citations · 187 works
2. [Djamé Seddah](https://openalex.org/A5010519567) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0194-8197) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1679170) · h 22 · 3686 citations · 202 works
3. [Daniel Zeman](https://openalex.org/A5061392927) [ORCID](https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-6568) · [Semantic Scholar](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/1771298) · h 28 · 4506 citations · 176 works

Citations and author metrics from openalex (2026-10-19); authors with the same name are not always told apart.

## What it is about

The overview introduces the task of parsing raw text into enhanced UD graphs, where a word may have several heads, graphs may contain cycles, and empty nodes may appear, for 17 languages. Training data came from UD 2.5, with enhancements added by the organisers where a treebank lacked them. The main metric is ELAS, the labelled F1 over enhanced edges with full subtypes; EULAS ignores subtypes. The coarse scores average over languages, and the qualitative scores ignore enhancement types that a treebank does not annotate. The validity rules (one or more roots, every node reachable, no self-loops) caught several teams by surprise. The best English system reached ELAS 88.94, and the authors conclude that enhanced parsing is harder than basic parsing but the drop is small for most systems.

## Ideas

- I1. `en ud-eval`: add an enhanced-layer scorer over the `mova` dialect's enhanced graph (a derived layer kept in MISC) with ELAS and EULAS per treebank, so that the enhanced layer is measured next to LAS.
- I2. Qualitative scoring: mask the enhancement types a treebank does not annotate, using the coverage table in [The Mova dialect: a UD metadialect, treebanks, and converters](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/docs/dialect/) for each bank under `treebanks/en/`, and report both coarse and qualitative scores.
- I3. Validity gate: run the rootedness and connectedness checks on the enhanced output of `en` and count invalid graphs per 1k sentences; the paper's experience is that these failures hurt more than the label errors.
- I4. Empty nodes: compile an empty-node path into a complex label, as the official evaluation does, and check that our gapping conversions score the same under both representations.

## For Mova

The enhanced layer is derived in Mova, so ELAS and EULAS on EWT dev measure the derivation as well as the parser. The ideas touch [24. Coordination and subordination](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/languages/en/24-coordination-subordination/) (propagated conjuncts) and `29-ellipsis-word-order-information-structure.md` (empty nodes and gapping). Decide on dev; EWT test runs once per release.

Topics: [Universal Dependencies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/topics/universal-dependencies/) · [Treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/topics/treebanks/)

## Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. [DOI 10.18653/v1/2020.iwpt-1.16](https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.iwpt-1.16)

```
@inproceedings{bouma2020overview,
  title = {{Overview of the IWPT 2020 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies}},
  author = {Bouma, Gosse and Seddah, Djamé and Zeman, Daniel},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Parsing Technologies and the IWPT 2020 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies},
  year = {2020},
  doi = {10.18653/v1/2020.iwpt-1.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.iwpt-1.16}
}
```

- [← previous Inherent Dependency Displacement Bias of Transition-Based Algorithms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2020-anderson-inherent-dependency-displacement-bias-transition/)
- [next → How Much of Enhanced UD Is Contained in UD?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2020-ek-how-much-enhanced-ud-is/)
- [↑ back to English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/en/)

## References

25 references, 11 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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Yavrumyan, Zhuoran Yu, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Amir Zeldes, Manying Zhang, and Hanzhi Zhu. 2019. Universal dependencies 2.5. LINDAT/CLARIAH-CZ digital library at the Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (ÚFAL), Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Daniel+Zeman%2C+Jan+Hajic%CC%8C%2C+Martin+Popel%2C+Martin+Potthast%2C+Milan+Straka%2C+Filip+Ginter%2C+Joakim+Nivre%2C+and+Slav+Petrov%2E+2018%2E+CoNLL+2018+shared+task%3A+Multilingual+parsing+from+raw+text+to+universal+depend) [our card](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2018-zeman-conll-2018-shared-task-multilingual/)
25. Daniel Zeman, Martin Popel, Milan Straka, Jan Hajič, Joakim Nivre, Filip Ginter, Juhani Luotolahti, Sampo Pyysalo, Slav Petrov, Martin Potthast, Francis Tyers, Elena Badmaeva, Memduh Gökırmak, Anna Nedoluzhko, Silvie Cinková, Jan Hajič jr., Jaroslava Hlaváčová, Václava Kettnerová, Zdeňka Urešová, Jenna Kanerva, Stina Ojala, Anna Missilä, Christopher D. Manning, Sebastian Schuster, Siva Reddy, Dima Taji, Nizar Habash, Herman Leung, Marie-Catherine de Marneffe, Manuela Sanguinetti, Maria Simi, Hiroshi Kanayama, Valeria de Paiva, Kira Droganova, Héctor Martı́nez Alonso, Çağrı Çöltekin, Umut Sulubacak, Hans Uszkoreit, Vivien Macketanz, Aljoscha Burchardt, Kim Harris, Katrin Marheinecke, Georg Rehm, Tolga Kayadelen, Mohammed Attia, Ali Elkahky, Zhuoran Yu, Emily Pitler, Saran Lertpradit, Michael Mandl, Jesse Kirchner, Hector Fernandez Alcalde, Jana Strnadová, Esha Banerjee, Ruli Manurung, Antonio Stella, Atsuko Shimada, Sookyoung Kwak, Gustavo Mendonca, Tatiana Lando, Rattima Nitisaroj, and Josie Li. 2017. Conll 2017 shared task: Multilingual parsing from raw text to universal dependencies. In Proceedings of the CoNLL 2017 Shared Task: Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies, pages 1–19, Vancouver, Canada. Association for Computational Linguistics. [find](https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Daniel+Zeman%2C+Martin+Popel%2C+Milan+Straka%2C+Jan+Hajic%CC%8C%2C+Joakim+Nivre%2C+Filip+Ginter%2C+Juhani+Luotolahti%2C+Sampo+Pyysalo%2C+Slav+Petrov%2C+Martin+Potthast%2C+Francis+Tyers%2C+Elena+Badmaeva%2C+Memduh+Go%CC%88k%C4%B1rmak%2C+Anna+) [our card](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/ud-2017-zeman-conll-2017-shared-task-multilingual/)