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- [papers.md](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/ky/tuecl/papers/) — Papers: UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL

# UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from `UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL/README.md`; size is counted by streaming the `.conllu` files and checked against the release `stats.xml`. Generated by `tools/treebanks build`; do not edit by hand. Papers: [Papers: UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/ky/tuecl/papers/); seeds: `seeds/`; converter: `convert.md`.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| UD name | UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL |
| Language | Kyrgyz (`ky`) |
| Family | Turkic |
| Treebank code | `ky_tuecl` |
| UD page | [universaldependencies.org/treebanks/ky tuecl/index.html](https://universaldependencies.org/treebanks/ky_tuecl/index.html) |
| License | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| Genres | grammar-examples |
| Text in data | yes |
| Parallel | cairo tuecl |
| In UD since | UD v2.14 |
| Authors | Bermet Chontaeva; Çağrı Çöltekin |
| Contact | [bermet.chontaeva@student.uni-tuebingen.de](mailto:bermet.chontaeva@student.uni-tuebingen.de), [cagri.coeltekin@uni-tuebingen.de](mailto:cagri.coeltekin@uni-tuebingen.de) |
| Development | in the UD repo (here) |

## Annotation layers

| Layer | Origin |
| --- | --- |
| Lemmas | manual native |
| UPOS | manual native |
| XPOS | not available |
| Features | manual native |
| Relations | manual native |

UD scale: *manual native* — annotated by hand directly in UD; *converted from manual* — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; *converted with corrections* — converted and partly corrected by hand; *automatic with corrections* — automatic, with partial manual corrections; *automatic* — automatic; *not available* — the layer is absent.

## Size

| Split | Sentences | Tokens | Words | Multiword tokens | Empty nodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| test | 173 | 1 214 | 1 250 | 35 | 0 |
| **total** | 173 | 1 214 | 1 250 | 35 | 0 |

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish `vámonos` is one), words are syntactic words (`vamos` + `nos`); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the `N.M` nodes of the enhanced graph. Splits train, dev are absent from the release.

## Summary

> This is a small treebank of grammatical examples for Kyrgyz. It is part of a parallel Universal Dependencies corpus containing 148 sentences across four Turkic languages, designed to facilitate cross-linguistic research on these related languages.

## Introduction

> The Kyrgyz-TueCL treebank is part of a parallel Universal Dependencies corpus containing 148 sentences across four Turkic languages (Turkish - [UD_Turkish-TueCL](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_Turkish-TueCL/tree/dev), Azerbaijani - [UD_Azerbaijani-TueCL](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_Azerbaijani-TueCL/tree/dev), Kyrgyz - [UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_Kyrgyz-TueCL/tree/dev), and Uzbek - [UD_Uzbek-TueCL](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_Uzbek-TueCL/tree/dev)), designed to facilitate cross-linguistic research on these related languages.
> 
> Total sentences: 173 Total tokens: 1250 Unique word forms (types): 464 Unique lemmas: 287
> 
> The Kyrgyz-TueCL treebank consists of 173 carefully selected sentences compiled from multiple sources, including the [Cairo corpus](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/cairo) (20 sentences), the [UDTW23 corpus](https://github.com/ud-turkic/udtw23) (20 sentences), and 97 additional examples illustrating specific grammatical constructions of interest. It serves as a source treebank for a parallel corpus spanning four Turkic languages from distinct branches of the family: Turkish and Azerbaijani (Oghuz), Kyrgyz (Kipchak), and Uzbek (Karluk).
> 
> The treebank includes various syntactic phenomena relevant to Turkic languages, such as pro-drop constructions, auxiliary chains, postverbal structures, and non-canonical word orders. Each sentence has been manually annotated following UD guidelines, with particular attention to morphosyntactic features that highlight both shared typological characteristics and language-specific traits. Glossing, transliteration, and translations of all sentences are provided in Azerbaijani, Turkish, Uzbek, and English as metadata to support comparative research.
> 
> Dependency relations, glossing, lemmatization, morphological features, POS tagging, tokenization, and transliteration were manually annotated.
> 
> This resource is significant as it represents the first fully aligned parallel UD treebanks for these Turkic languages, enabling systematic cross-linguistic comparisons previously hindered by the lack of parallel resources. The treebank supports research in comparative Turkic syntax, cross-lingual parsing, and language education.

- [← previous UD_Kyrgyz-KTMU](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/ky/ktmu/)
- [↑ back to Kyrgyz (ky) — UD 2.18 treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/ky/)