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- [papers.md](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/naq/kdt/papers/) — Papers: UD_Khoekhoe-KDT

# UD_Khoekhoe-KDT

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from `UD_Khoekhoe-KDT/README.md`; size is counted by streaming the `.conllu` files and checked against the release `stats.xml`. Generated by `tools/treebanks build`; do not edit by hand. Papers: [Papers: UD_Khoekhoe-KDT](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/naq/kdt/papers/); seeds: `seeds/`; converter: `convert.md`.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| UD name | UD_Khoekhoe-KDT |
| Language | Khoekhoe (`naq`) |
| Family | Khoe-Kwadi |
| Treebank code | `naq_kdt` |
| UD page | [universaldependencies.org/treebanks/naq kdt/index.html](https://universaldependencies.org/treebanks/naq_kdt/index.html) |
| License | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 |
| Genres | fiction, grammar-examples, spoken |
| Text in data | yes |
| Parallel | cairo |
| In UD since | UD v2.16 |
| Authors | Kira Tulchynska; Alena Witzlack-Makarevich; Sylvanus Job; Michael Hahn |
| Contact | [kira.tulchynska@mail.huji.ac.il](mailto:kira.tulchynska@mail.huji.ac.il), [witzlack@gmail.com](mailto:witzlack@gmail.com) |
| Development | in the UD repo (here) |

## Annotation layers

| Layer | Origin |
| --- | --- |
| Lemmas | manual native |
| UPOS | manual native |
| XPOS | manual native |
| Features | manual native |
| Relations | manual native |

UD scale: *manual native* — annotated by hand directly in UD; *converted from manual* — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; *converted with corrections* — converted and partly corrected by hand; *automatic with corrections* — automatic, with partial manual corrections; *automatic* — automatic; *not available* — the layer is absent.

## Size

| Split | Sentences | Tokens | Words | Multiword tokens | Empty nodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| train | 2 002 | 15 347 | 16 144 | 795 | 0 |
| dev | 232 | 1 950 | 2 048 | 95 | 0 |
| test | 1 355 | 10 314 | 10 815 | 499 | 0 |
| **total** | 3 589 | 27 611 | 29 007 | 1 389 | 0 |

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish `vámonos` is one), words are syntactic words (`vamos` + `nos`); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the `N.M` nodes of the enhanced graph.

## Summary

> UD_Khoekhoe-KDT is a Universal Dependencies (UD) treebank for the Khoekhoegowab (Khoekhoe) language. The annotation was performed manually based on glosses. This treebank includes texts from various sources: fiction, grammar, and spoken conversation. The treebank contains **27k tokens**, distributed as follows:
> 
> - **Training set**: 15k tokens
> - **Development set**: 2k tokens
> - **Test set**: 10k tokens

## Introduction

> The UD_Khoekhoe-KDT treebank consists of various texts translated into Khoekhoe by native speakers, then glossed and annotated. The included texts are:
> 
> - **grammar_Cairo**: 20 examples from the [Cairo Cicling Corpus](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/cairo/blob/master/translations.txt))
> - **grammar_BivalTyp**: [BivalTyp](https://www.bivaltyp.info/languages/descriptions/Khoekhoe.html) dataset.
> - **film_Bridge**: Subtitles from *Bridge of Spies* (2015).
> - **film_Titanic**: A section of subtitles from *Titanic* (1997).
> - **book_Khomai**: Chapters from the school book *Khomai* (1971), with shuffled sentences.
> - **conversation_Windhoek5**: A recorded conversation between two friends, anonymized by shuffling sentences.
> 
> ## Genre Classification
> 
> - **Fiction**: Sentence IDs start with *film/book*.
> - **Grammar**: Sentence IDs start with *grammar*.
> - **Spoken**: Sentence IDs start with *conversation*.
> 
> ## Data Splits
> 
> - **Training set**: Full **grammar_Cairo**, sections of **grammar_BivalTyp**, **film_Bridge**, **book_Khomai**, **conversation_Windhoek5**
> - **Development set**: Sections of **grammar_BivalTyp**, **film_Bridge**, **conversation_Windhoek5**
> - **Test set**: Full **film_Titanic**, sections of **grammar_BivalTyp**, **book_Khomai**, **conversation_Windhoek5**

- [↑ back to Khoekhoe (naq) — UD 2.18 treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/naq/)