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- [papers.md](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/orv/ruthenian/papers/) — Papers: UD_Old_East_Slavic-Ruthenian

# UD_Old_East_Slavic-Ruthenian

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from `UD_Old_East_Slavic-Ruthenian/README.md`; size is counted by streaming the `.conllu` files and checked against the release `stats.xml`. Generated by `tools/treebanks build`; do not edit by hand. Papers: [Papers: UD_Old_East_Slavic-Ruthenian](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/orv/ruthenian/papers/); seeds: `seeds/`; converter: `convert.md`.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| UD name | UD_Old_East_Slavic-Ruthenian |
| Language | Old East Slavic (`orv`) |
| Family | IE |
| Treebank code | `orv_ruthenian` |
| UD page | [universaldependencies.org/treebanks/orv ruthenian/index.html](https://universaldependencies.org/treebanks/orv_ruthenian/index.html) |
| License | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| Genres | legal, nonfiction |
| Text in data | yes |
| Parallel | no |
| In UD since | UD v2.11 |
| Authors | Olga Lyashevskaya; Dmitri Sitchinava; Maria Shvedova |
| Contact | [olesar@yandex.ru](mailto:olesar@yandex.ru) |
| Development | outside the UD repo (elsewhere): fixes go to the source or the converter |

## Annotation layers

| Layer | Origin |
| --- | --- |
| Lemmas | manual native |
| UPOS | manual native |
| XPOS | not available |
| Features | manual native |
| Relations | manual native |

UD scale: *manual native* — annotated by hand directly in UD; *converted from manual* — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; *converted with corrections* — converted and partly corrected by hand; *automatic with corrections* — automatic, with partial manual corrections; *automatic* — automatic; *not available* — the layer is absent.

## Size

| Split | Sentences | Tokens | Words | Multiword tokens | Empty nodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| train | 4 120 | 116 486 | 116 486 | 0 | 0 |
| dev | 855 | 10 836 | 10 836 | 0 | 0 |
| test | 390 | 10 011 | 10 011 | 0 | 0 |
| **total** | 5 365 | 137 333 | 137 333 | 0 | 0 |

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish `vámonos` is one), words are syntactic words (`vamos` + `nos`); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the `N.M` nodes of the enhanced graph.

## Summary

> The Ruthenian UD treebank includes texts written in the territories of modern Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine, and Poland in ca. 1300-1700. A sample of legal and nonfiction texts is drawn from the Ruthenian Corpus.

## Introduction

> The Ruthenian UD treebank includes texts written in "prosta mova" ("ruska mova", Old Belarusian, Old Ukrainian), a Western descendant of Old East Slavic spoken in the territories of modern Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine, and Poland. A sample of legal and nonfiction texts written in ca. 1380-1650 is drawn from the Ruthenian Corpus, a historical language corpus resource currently being compiled by an independent research partnership.

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