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- [papers.md](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pa/cs/papers/) — Papers: UD_Punjabi-CS

# UD_Punjabi-CS

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from `UD_Punjabi-CS/README.md`; size is counted by streaming the `.conllu` files and checked against the release `stats.xml`. Generated by `tools/treebanks build`; do not edit by hand. Papers: [Papers: UD_Punjabi-CS](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pa/cs/papers/); seeds: `seeds/`; converter: `convert.md`.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| UD name | UD_Punjabi-CS |
| Language | Punjabi (`pa`) |
| Family | IE |
| Treebank code | `pa_cs` |
| UD page | [universaldependencies.org/treebanks/pa cs/index.html](https://universaldependencies.org/treebanks/pa_cs/index.html) |
| License | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| Genres | fiction, news |
| Text in data | yes |
| Parallel | no |
| In UD since | UD v2.18 |
| Authors | Ali Haider Khan; Luigi Talamo; Helena Vaz; Zarina Begum; Andrew Dyer; Annemarie Verkerk |
| Contact | [annemarie.verkerk@uni-saarland.de](mailto:annemarie.verkerk@uni-saarland.de) |
| Development | in the UD repo (here) |

## Annotation layers

| Layer | Origin |
| --- | --- |
| Lemmas | manual native |
| UPOS | manual native |
| XPOS | not available |
| Features | manual native |
| Relations | manual native |

UD scale: *manual native* — annotated by hand directly in UD; *converted from manual* — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; *converted with corrections* — converted and partly corrected by hand; *automatic with corrections* — automatic, with partial manual corrections; *automatic* — automatic; *not available* — the layer is absent.

## Size

| Split | Sentences | Tokens | Words | Multiword tokens | Empty nodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| train | 73 | 1 351 | 1 351 | 0 | 0 |
| dev | 21 | 289 | 289 | 0 | 0 |
| test | 19 | 263 | 263 | 0 | 0 |
| **total** | 113 | 1 903 | 1 903 | 0 | 0 |

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish `vámonos` is one), words are syntactic words (`vamos` + `nos`); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the `N.M` nodes of the enhanced graph.

## Summary

> The UD_Punjabi_CS is a manually annotated treebank in Punjabi (also called Eastern Punjabi, Gurmukhi script) language. The Indo-Aryan language is prominently spoken in Punjab region of India and Pakistan with strong diasporas in Western countries like Canada, UK and USA etc. It is written from Left-to-Right with Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word ordering.

## Introduction

> The treebank consists of total 113 sentences, of which 94 are from the first 2 chapters of novel 'ਛੋਟਾ ਸ਼ਹਿਜ਼ਾਦਾ' translated from novel 'The Little Prince' or 'Petit Prince' authored by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, and other 19 sentences from [SALDEF](https://saldef.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Transcript-for-Punjabi-Farmers-Protests-and-Historic-March-to-Delhi.pdf), transcript of speeches given during a major Farmers movement against the now-repealed farm laws enacted by the Indian government, representing discourse. The data has been annotated according to Universal Dependencies guidelines.

- [next → UD_Punjabi-Rang](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pa/rang/)
- [↑ back to Punjabi (pa) — UD 2.18 treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pa/)