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- [papers.md](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pt/bosque/papers/) — Papers: UD_Portuguese-Bosque

# UD_Portuguese-Bosque

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from `UD_Portuguese-Bosque/README.md`; size is counted by streaming the `.conllu` files and checked against the release `stats.xml`. Generated by `tools/treebanks build`; do not edit by hand. Papers: [Papers: UD_Portuguese-Bosque](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pt/bosque/papers/); seeds: `seeds/`; converter: `convert.md`.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| UD name | UD_Portuguese-Bosque |
| Language | Portuguese (`pt`) |
| Family | IE |
| Treebank code | `pt_bosque` |
| UD page | [universaldependencies.org/treebanks/pt bosque/index.html](https://universaldependencies.org/treebanks/pt_bosque/index.html) |
| License | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| Genres | news |
| Text in data | yes |
| Parallel | no |
| In UD since | UD v1.2 |
| Authors | Alexandre Rademaker; Cláudia Freitas; Elvis de Souza; Aline Silveira; Tatiana Cavalcanti; Wograine Evelyn; Luisa Rocha; Isabela Soares-Bastos; Eckhard Bick; Fabricio Chalub; Guilherme Paulino-Passos; Livy Real; Valeria de Paiva; Daniel Zeman; Martin Popel; David Mareček; Natalia Silveira; André Martins |
| Contact | [arademaker@gmail.com](mailto:arademaker@gmail.com) |
| Development | outside the UD repo (elsewhere): fixes go to the source or the converter |

## Annotation layers

| Layer | Origin |
| --- | --- |
| Lemmas | converted with corrections |
| UPOS | converted with corrections |
| XPOS | manual native |
| Features | converted with corrections |
| Relations | converted with corrections |

UD scale: *manual native* — annotated by hand directly in UD; *converted from manual* — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; *converted with corrections* — converted and partly corrected by hand; *automatic with corrections* — automatic, with partial manual corrections; *automatic* — automatic; *not available* — the layer is absent.

## Size

| Split | Sentences | Tokens | Words | Multiword tokens | Empty nodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| train | 7 018 | 158 985 | 171 776 | 12 790 | 0 |
| dev | 1 172 | 26 384 | 28 447 | 2 063 | 0 |
| test | 1 167 | 25 589 | 27 604 | 2 015 | 0 |
| **total** | 9 357 | 210 958 | 227 827 | 16 868 | 0 |

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish `vámonos` is one), words are syntactic words (`vamos` + `nos`); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the `N.M` nodes of the enhanced graph.

## Summary

> This Universal Dependencies (UD) Portuguese treebank is based on the Constraint Grammar converted version of the Bosque, which is part of the Floresta Sintá(c)tica treebank. It contains both European (CETEMPúblico) and Brazilian (CETENFolha) variants.

## Introduction

> This Universal Dependencies (UD) Portuguese treebank is based on the Constraint Grammar converted version of the Bosque, which is part of the Floresta Sintá(c)tica treebank.
> 
> Eckhard Bick has maintained since 2008 an experimental version of the dependency Bosque for research, which was not aligned with either the Linguateca published constituent version or the 7.4 dependency version of the Bosque. In 2016, Eckhard Bick wrote UD conversion rules for Constraint Grammar input, and applied these to the updated version of the dependency Bosque (Linguateca site version 7.5 of March 2016).
> 
> In October 2016, Alexandre Rademaker, Cláudia Freitas, Fabricio Chalub, Valeria de Paiva and Livy Maria Real Coelho, aiming at full compatibility with ConLL UD specifications, consistency-checked and discussed the 7.5 UD Bosque, leading to a further round of manual treebank corrections and conversion rule changes by Bick. The conversion grammar used contains some 530 rules. Of these 70 were simple feature mapping rules, and 130 were local MWE splitting rules, assigning internal structure, POS and features to MWE's from the Bosque. The remainder of the rules handle UD-specific dependency and function label changes in a context-dependent fashion. The main issues were raising of copula dependents to subject complements, inversion of prepositional dependency and a change from syntactic to semantic verb chain dependency.
> 
> The new UD treebank retains the additional tags for NP definiteness and complex tenses, as well as the original syntactic function tags and secondary morphological tags of the original Bosque. Thus the treebank retains its original linguistic focus, in addition to coping with the machine learning uses targeted by the ConLL UD format.

- [next → UD_Portuguese-CINTIL](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pt/cintil/)
- [↑ back to Portuguese (pt) — UD 2.18 treebanks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/pt/)