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- [papers.md](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/uz/uzudt/papers/) — Papers: UD_Uzbek-UzUDT

# UD_Uzbek-UzUDT

Treebank card from UD release 2.18: metadata and texts come from `UD_Uzbek-UzUDT/README.md`; size is counted by streaming the `.conllu` files and checked against the release `stats.xml`. Generated by `tools/treebanks build`; do not edit by hand. Papers: [Papers: UD_Uzbek-UzUDT](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/treebanks/uz/uzudt/papers/); seeds: `seeds/`; converter: `convert.md`.

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| UD name | UD_Uzbek-UzUDT |
| Language | Uzbek (`uz`) |
| Family | Turkic |
| Treebank code | `uz_uzudt` |
| UD page | [universaldependencies.org/treebanks/uz uzudt/index.html](https://universaldependencies.org/treebanks/uz_uzudt/index.html) |
| License | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| Genres | fiction, academic |
| Text in data | yes |
| Parallel | no |
| In UD since | UD v2.17 |
| Authors | Sanatbek Matlatipov; Elmurod Kuriyozov |
| Contact | [s.matlatipov@nuu.uz](mailto:s.matlatipov@nuu.uz) |
| Development | in the UD repo (here) |

## Annotation layers

| Layer | Origin |
| --- | --- |
| Lemmas | manual native |
| UPOS | manual native |
| XPOS | not available |
| Features | manual native |
| Relations | manual native |

UD scale: *manual native* — annotated by hand directly in UD; *converted from manual* — converted from manual annotation in another scheme; *converted with corrections* — converted and partly corrected by hand; *automatic with corrections* — automatic, with partial manual corrections; *automatic* — automatic; *not available* — the layer is absent.

## Size

| Split | Sentences | Tokens | Words | Multiword tokens | Empty nodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| train | 483 | 5 442 | 5 442 | 0 | 0 |
| test | 201 | 2 140 | 2 140 | 0 | 0 |
| **total** | 684 | 7 582 | 7 582 | 0 | 0 |

Tokens are surface tokens (Spanish `vámonos` is one), words are syntactic words (`vamos` + `nos`); multiword tokens are those split into several words; empty nodes are the `N.M` nodes of the enhanced graph. Splits dev are absent from the release.

## Summary

> UD_Uzbek-UzUDT is a manually annotated Universal Dependencies treebank for Uzbek language.

## Introduction

> new Universal Dependencies (UD) treebank for Uzbek language developed as a gold-standard resource with full manual annotations. The treebank includes 684 sentences (7,582 tokens) from Uzbek literature and educational writing – larger and domain-differentially richer than the current Uzbek UD treebank. The data were annotated using the INCEpCTION platform by six annotators (four linguists and two NLP engineers) with extensive cross-verification and adjudication to maintain high quality. Inter-annotator agreement exceeds 95% for lemmatising, ~95% for part-of-speech tagging, and ~90% for morphological features (Cohen’s Kappa, Krippendorff’s Alpha). UPOS, morphological features, lemmas, and basic dependency trees following the UD v2 guidelines. Annotation is performed by native-speaker linguists with expert review and validation using the UD tools. The goal is to provide a reliable resource for research on Uzbek NLP (tagging, parsing, morphology) and cross-lingual studies in low-resource settings. Future releases will expand coverage, refine guidelines, and include enhanced dependencies.

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