---
title: Winds, monsoons and ocean currents — how Mova does on the tests · Geography
description: Lesson 22 of the geography course of Mova's primary school: 6 of 12 tests right, exam 2 of 4, every question with the options, the student's choice, the right answer and why it chose.
---

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# Winds, monsoons and ocean currents

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**Tests:** 6 of 12 right · **Exam:** 2 of 4 right · **Kind:** ★★★ · **Understood:** 10 of 16 · **Run:** 2026-10-18, commit `f3c23ea72`

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Lesson 22 of the geography course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: [the lesson in the corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/).

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Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: [the lesson's questions in the corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/).

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### Test 1 · ★★★ · right ✓ {#t1}

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Why does a beach often get a breeze from the sea in the afternoon?

- **1.** The land heats faster, its air rises and sea air flows in — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · score 7
- **2.** The Sun pulls the air off the water — no support
- **3.** The sea is warmer than the land in the afternoon — score 5
- **4.** The tide pushes the air towards the land — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 7, against 5 for the next best. Its support: lesson 22, line 1: «On a sunny afternoon at the beach the land heats faster than the sea, the warm air over the sand rises, and cooler air slides in from the water to take its pla…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «land» (+3); the same action «heat» (+2); the same property (+2). · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t1/)

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### Test 2 · ★★★ · wrong ✗ {#t2}

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My cousin swears the toilet flushes backwards in Australia cos of the Earth spinning. True?

- **1.** Yes, but only at night, when the Earth spins faster — **← Mova's choice** · score 6
- **2.** No, because Australian toilets do not use water — no support
- **3.** No, the Coriolis effect is far too weak for a toilet — **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **4.** Yes, everything drains the other way round down there — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 22, line 9: «Because Earth spins, moving air and water are bent to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere, which is called the Cori…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same doer «earth» (+4); the same action «spin» (+2). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t2/)

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### Test 3 · ★★★ · right ✓ {#t3}

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In the game, a fleet sails from Calicut to Aden any month you like. What did real ships do?

- **1.** They only sailed in winter, when the sea froze — score 14
- **2.** They rowed the whole way, so wind did not matter — score 6
- **3.** They also sailed whenever they liked, all year — score 14
- **4.** They sailed with the monsoon and often waited months for it — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · score 18

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**Why:** It took the question to ask what is done. It chose option 4 with score 18, against 14 for the next best. Its support: lesson 22, line 5: «In Europa Universalis 5 the Indian Ocean trade between Gujarat, Calicut, Aden and Malacca flows all year round. Real ships could not do that: they sailed with…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+6); the same action «sail» (+4); the same doer «ships» (+4); the same circumstance (+4). · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t3/)

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### Test 4 · ★★★ · right ✓ {#t4}

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Ships came home from the Americas to Spain by a more northern route than they went out. Why?

- **1.** Going out they used the trade winds, coming back the westerlies — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · score 6
- **2.** The ships were lighter going home, so they could go faster up north — score 5
- **3.** The southern route was blocked by sea ice on the way back to Europe — no support
- **4.** Sailors wanted to stop at different islands on the way home — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 6, against 5 for the next best. Its support: lesson 22, line 17: «Between about 40 and 50 degrees south, strong westerly winds blow almost without land to slow them down, and sailors called them the Roaring Forties; Dutch shi…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «use» (+3); the same doer «dutch ships» (+2); a different thing acted on (counts against) (+1). · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t4/)

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### Test 5 · ★★★ · right ✓ {#t5}

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Off Peru the fishing is some of the richest in the world, yet the shore is desert. Why?

- **1.** The fishing boats' smoke scares the rain clouds away from the land — no support
- **2.** The hot desert sand blows into the sea and feeds the fish there — no support
- **3.** The cold Humboldt Current brings food for fish but little rain — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · score 6
- **4.** Warm water there makes it rain out at sea but never over the shore — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 3 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 22, line 15: «Cold currents such as the Humboldt Current off Peru and the Benguela Current off south-west Africa flow towards the equator along the western coasts of contine…», reached through the cause of the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «bring» (+4); the same doer «currents» (+4). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-2). · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t5/)

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### Test 6 · ★★★ · wrong ✗ {#t6}

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ugh we've been stuck in the doldrums for a week, no wind. where are we prob

- **1.** Near the South Pole itself — **← Mova's choice** · no support
- **2.** Close to the equator — **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **3.** Off the coast of Britain — no support
- **4.** In the Roaring Forties — no support

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**Why:** No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t6/)

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### Test 7 · ★★★ · wrong ✗ {#t7}

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What would happen to sailing ships if the trade winds stopped blowing?

- **1.** The Gulf Stream would turn cold at once and stop — no support
- **2.** Ships would sail much faster westwards across the ocean — **← Mova's choice** · score 4
- **3.** The monsoon would blow all year round instead — score 2
- **4.** Crossing the tropical Atlantic would take far longer — **✓ the right answer** · score 2

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**Why:** It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 2 with score 4, against 2 for the next best. Its support: lesson 22, line 5: «In Europa Universalis 5 the Indian Ocean trade between Gujarat, Calicut, Aden and Malacca flows all year round. Real ships could not do that: they sailed with…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «sail» (+2); the same doer «ships» (+2). The right option, 4, scored 2. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t7/)

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### Test 8 · ★★★ · right ✓ {#t8}

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Why does floating plastic collect in the middle of the North Pacific?

- **1.** The gyre's currents circle around and trap it in the centre — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **2.** The plastic sinks and then rises in one spot — no support
- **3.** The wind always blows towards the middle of every ocean — no support
- **4.** Ships dump all their rubbish in one place on purpose — no support

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**Why:** No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t8/)

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### Test 9 · ★★★ · wrong ✗ {#t9}

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Dutch ships raced from the Cape of Good Hope to the East Indies far in the south. Why there?

- **1.** The trade winds blow eastwards near the poles — **← Mova's choice** · score 4
- **2.** The water there was warmer and smoother — no support
- **3.** The Roaring Forties blew them east very fast — **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **4.** The doldrums were calm and safe there — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 22, line 17: «Between about 40 and 50 degrees south, strong westerly winds blow almost without land to slow them down, and sailors called them the Roaring Forties; Dutch shi…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «blow» (+2); the same doer «strong westerly winds» (+2). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t9/)

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### Test 10 · ★★★ · right ✓ {#t10}

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Ben says the wind blows from low pressure to high pressure. Right?

- **1.** Yes, air moves to where there is more air — no support
- **2.** No, it blows from high pressure to low pressure — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · score 6
- **3.** Yes, but only at sea — no support
- **4.** No, wind has nothing to do with pressure — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 22, line 17: «Between about 40 and 50 degrees south, strong westerly winds blow almost without land to slow them down, and sailors called them the Roaring Forties; Dutch shi…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same doer «strong westerly winds» (+4); the same action «blow» (+2). · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t10/)

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### Test 11 · ★★★ · wrong ✗ {#t11}

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Big storms north of the equator spin anticlockwise and south of it clockwise. What causes the difference?

- **1.** The water is much saltier south of the equator — **← Mova's choice** · no support
- **2.** The Sun shines on the two halves from opposite sides — no support
- **3.** The Moon pulls storms in opposite directions in each half of the world — no support
- **4.** Earth's spin bends moving air different ways in each half — **✓ the right answer** · no support

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**Why:** No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t11/)

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### Test 12 · ★★★ · wrong ✗ {#t12}

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If you sailed with a gyre in the North Atlantic, which way would you be carried round?

- **1.** Anticlockwise — **← Mova's choice** · no support
- **2.** Clockwise — **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **3.** Back and forth on the spot — no support
- **4.** Straight to the North Pole — no support

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**Why:** No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/t12/)

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### Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗ {#e1}

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Identify the principal reason for which mariners trading across the Indian Ocean customarily remained in port for several months.

- **1.** Vessels required wholesale reconstruction after every voyage — **← Mova's choice** · no support
- **2.** The ocean was rendered impassable by ice during winter — no support
- **3.** Voyages were contingent upon the seasonal reversal of the monsoon winds — **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **4.** Port authorities prohibited all departures during the summer months by law — no support

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**Why:** No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/e1/)

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### Exam question 2 · formal language · right ✓ {#e2}

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Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the trade winds?

- **1.** Gales prevailing between forty and fifty degrees south — no support
- **2.** Calm and inconstant airs confined to the equatorial belt — no support
- **3.** Steady winds blowing from the east towards the equator within the tropics — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · score 10
- **4.** Variable winds blowing from the west over the middle latitudes of both hemispheres — score 10

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**Why:** It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 3 with score 10, tied with another option at 10 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 22, line 7: «The trade winds blow steadily from the east towards the equator in the tropics, from the north-east in the northern hemisphere and the south-east in the southe…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same circumstance (+3); it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same action «blow» (+2); the same doer «trade winds» (+2). · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/e2/)

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### Exam question 3 · formal language · wrong ✗ {#e3}

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Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the deflection of moving air by the rotation of the Earth.

- **1.** Air is deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern — **✓ the right answer** · score 4
- **2.** Air is deflected solely in the vicinity of the equator — no support
- **3.** Air is deflected to the left in the northern hemisphere and to the right in the southern — **← Mova's choice** · score 6
- **4.** Such deflection determines the direction of drainage in domestic basins — no support

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**Why:** It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 6, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 22, line 9: «Because Earth spins, moving air and water are bent to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere, which is called the Cori…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «bend» (+2); the same place «right» (+2); the same circumstance (+2). The right option, 1, scored 4. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/e3/)

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### Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓ {#e4}

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It is given that a current of cold water flows towards the equator along the western coast of a continent. Ascertain which current this description fits.

- **1.** The Benguela Current off south-western Africa — **← Mova's choice** · **✓ the right answer** · no support
- **2.** The North Atlantic Drift off western Europe — no support
- **3.** The Gulf Stream off eastern North America — no support
- **4.** The current of the Roaring Forties off Antarctica — no support

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**Why:** No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · [the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/22-winds-monsoons-and-ocean-currents/e4/)

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- ← previous: [21. Climate zones and why they are where they are](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/21-climate-zones-and-why-they-are-where-they-are/)
- next →: [23. Weather, storms and the changing climate](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate/)
- ↑ back to [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/)